This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research Article
sorour fayez mahmoud
Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine
Corresponding Author
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Detecting developmental delay in children is an ongoing world commitment, especially for those below three years. Early detection prevents the adverse outcomes in this critical period of age. To accurately assess the development of children; a culturally appropriate screening tool must be used. Egypt lacks such tool and multiple studies have shown that western tools are not suitable in other cultures.
Objectives: To develop and validate an easy, rapid, culturally appropriate and applicable screening chart for early detection of developmental delay among Egyptian children from birth up to 30 months and develop a Z score chart for motor and mental development follow up based on our Egyptian screening chart.
Methods: A cross sectional randomized study was carried out on 1503 Egyptian children of both genders aged from birth up to 30 months assumed to have normal development according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were selected from vaccination centers and well-baby clinics. Developmental milestones from Baroda development screening test (BDST) were applied on them after items were translated and adapted to Egyptian culture. Egyptian children developmental milestones scores were analyzed and carefully prepared in tables and charts. 97% pass levels of developmental achievements represent the threshold below which children are considered delayed. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. The developed Egyptian developmental screening chart (EDSC) was validated against Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3) as a Reference Standard in another different sample of 337 children in different age groups.
Results: The developed EDSC is represented in a chart format with two curves 50% and 97% pass level. Children considered delayed when the score below 97% pass level. Results revealed a statistically significant difference between EDSC and BDST at 50% and 97% pass levels. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follows up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. EDSC sensitivity and specificity were calculated 84.38 (95% CI: 67.21% to 94.72%) and 98.36 (95% CI: 96.22% to 99.47%) respectively with an overall test accuracy 97.03 (95% CI 94.61% to 98.57%) (p=<.001).
Conclusions: Extensive revision of the BDST was needed in order to create and validate a more culturally appropriate Egyptian screening chart. This is the first study to create and validate an Egyptian-specific screening tool, to be rapid and easy to use in Egypt for early detection of developmental delay and enabling early intervention practices. A z-score curve is reliable for follow up motor and mental development by calculating each age group achievement.
Keywords
Developmental delay, Egyptian Developmental Screening Chart, Screening tools, Validation, Z score.
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research Article
sorour fayez mahmoud
Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
View the published article at PeerJ.
Version 3
Posted 28 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
No comments provided
No comments provided
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Pediatrics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at PeerJ.
Background: Detecting developmental delay in children is an ongoing world commitment, especially for those below three years. Early detection prevents the adverse outcomes in this critical period of age. To accurately assess the development of children; a culturally appropriate screening tool must be used. Egypt lacks such tool and multiple studies have shown that western tools are not suitable in other cultures.
Objectives: To develop and validate an easy, rapid, culturally appropriate and applicable screening chart for early detection of developmental delay among Egyptian children from birth up to 30 months and develop a Z score chart for motor and mental development follow up based on our Egyptian screening chart.
Methods: A cross sectional randomized study was carried out on 1503 Egyptian children of both genders aged from birth up to 30 months assumed to have normal development according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were selected from vaccination centers and well-baby clinics. Developmental milestones from Baroda development screening test (BDST) were applied on them after items were translated and adapted to Egyptian culture. Egyptian children developmental milestones scores were analyzed and carefully prepared in tables and charts. 97% pass levels of developmental achievements represent the threshold below which children are considered delayed. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follow up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. The developed Egyptian developmental screening chart (EDSC) was validated against Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3) as a Reference Standard in another different sample of 337 children in different age groups.
Results: The developed EDSC is represented in a chart format with two curves 50% and 97% pass level. Children considered delayed when the score below 97% pass level. Results revealed a statistically significant difference between EDSC and BDST at 50% and 97% pass levels. A Z-score chart for motor and mental development follows up was designed by calculating each age group achievement. EDSC sensitivity and specificity were calculated 84.38 (95% CI: 67.21% to 94.72%) and 98.36 (95% CI: 96.22% to 99.47%) respectively with an overall test accuracy 97.03 (95% CI 94.61% to 98.57%) (p=<.001).
Conclusions: Extensive revision of the BDST was needed in order to create and validate a more culturally appropriate Egyptian screening chart. This is the first study to create and validate an Egyptian-specific screening tool, to be rapid and easy to use in Egypt for early detection of developmental delay and enabling early intervention practices. A z-score curve is reliable for follow up motor and mental development by calculating each age group achievement.
Figure 1
Figure 2
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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