Changes of biochemical parameters from baseline to follow-up in different gender among residents with MetS in baseline
At baseline, 3167 residents were diagnosed MetS. We intend to estimate the changes of their metabolic parameter like SBP, BDP, WC and biochemical indexes in the past years. Data was shown in Table 1. At baseline, Male residents with Mets had higher value of SBP, DBP, BMI, WC, TG, FPG, UA and eGFR than female residents. On the contrary, female had relatively higher value of LDL-C, and HDL-C when compared with male. Similarly, in the follow-up, comparison of this parameters between female and male showed the same results as in the baseline except that there is no significant difference of eGFR between female and male in follow-up (P=0.141). When compared data of baseline to follow-up, we can see there was apparent decrease of SBP, DBP and HDL in both gender. And discrepancies were observed in BMI, LDL-C and eGFR in different gender. BMI increased in male but decreased in female while others decreased in male and increased in female (LDL-C and eGFR). WC increased in follow-up compared with baseline in both genders. TG significantly increased while FPG significantly decreased in follow-up in comparison with baseline in female only.
Dietary pattern changes from baseline to follow-up among residents with MetS in baseline
Figure 2 shown the changes of dietary pattern and intensity of physical activity from baseline to follow-up. The mean value of diet score in baseline was 2.13±1.11 in female and 2.62±1.08 in male. In both gender, the diet score significantly decreased in follow-up (1.70±1.16 for female; 2.27±1.24 for male). The higher value of diet score suggested a higher consumption of meat and lower consumption of vegetable. As for physical activity, we can see there is a significantly increase of light and decrease of heavy intensity of physical activity in the follow-up in both genders.
Cumulative incidence of MetS among residents without Mets in baseline
In present study, 4980 participants in baseline did not diagnosed of Mets. After the median 4.6 years follow-up, 1194 participants were newly diagnosed MetS (total: 24.0%; female: 22.3%; male: 25.8%). Besides, in Figure 1. There is an increasing trend of MetS from participants without metabolic disorders to those with 2 metabolic disorders in baseline. Besides, female had significantly higher incidence of MetS than male in all the groups except for participant without metabolic disorder at baseline.
Baseline characteristics of newly diagnosed MetS at follow-up
In Table 2. We can see newly diagnosed MetS were more likely to be women, older aged. MetS had higher rate of both primary school or below and high school or above compared with Non- MetS. Besides, MetS residents were less like to have severe physical activity. As for metabolic disorders, MetS had significantly higher baseline value of SBP, DBP, BMI, WC, TC, TG, LDL-C and FPG whereas significantly lower HDL-C. However, there is no difference existed among current smoking and drinking between MetS and Non-MetS.
Cumulative incidence rate of MetS by different status markers and the possible risk factors associated with higher incidence of MetS
Table 3 showed that there is discrepancy of incidence of MetS among female and male. In female, there is a significantly increasing incidence of MetS as the age increased. Female residents who have more than 1 children also had significantly high incidence of MetS compared to those with one or less child. With the education level increased from primary school or below to high school or above, the incidence of MetS also decreased in female. In male, residents without marriage have relatively higher incidence of MetS than those married. Besides, there is contrary result existed in current smoking status, compared to non-current smoker, male current smoker has low rate of MetS while female current smoker had higher incidence rate. As for drinking status, current drinker had significantly higher incidence of MetS than non-current drinkers in male. In male, the single associated risk factors of higher incidence of MetS was current drinking while married status and current smoking were associated with lower incidence. However, in female, increasing age, ≥ 4 times/w bean and bean product consumption and tea intake were related with higher incidence of MetS.