Total number of 336 patients were included in the study. The majority were males 282 patients (83.9%), females 54 patients (16.1%) with median age was 44 years (IQR 36 – 54.5). National (Emirati) were 21 patients (6.3%) and Non-National 315 patients (93.8%). 31 patients (9.2%) were aged 18–29, 186 patients (55.4%) were aged 30 – 49, 80 patients (23.8%) were aged 50 – 60 and 39 patients (11.6%) were aged >60. The minimum age was 19 years and 89 years was the maximum age.
Patient who had Risk factors (comorbidities) were 87.8% of the patients with diabetes mellitus being the most common risk factor (25.0%), followed by hypertension (22.9%) and Age ≥60 were (13.4%) (Table 1).
Patients were classified according to signs and symptoms into three levels, level A for patients were Asymptomatic OR mild symptoms with radiological evidence of pneumonia (Mild), Level B for patients who were Asymptomatic with radiological evidence of pneumonia OR mild URTI with risk factors (Moderate) while level C was for critically ail patients.
For level A patients, 75 patients (70.1%) were males compared to 32 females (29.9%). For patient level B, 194 patients (90.2%) were males compared to 21 patients females (9.8%). For patients level C, 13 patients (92.9%) were males compared to 1 female patient (7.1%) (Table 2).
Patients aged between 18 – 29 years were 16 patients (15%) in level A, 15 patients (7%) in level B and 0 patient (0%) in level C. Patients aged between 30 – 49 years were 56 (52.3%) in level A, 124 (57.7%) in level B and 6 (42.9%). Patients aged between 50 – 60 years were 17 (15.9%) in level A, 58 (27%) in level B and 5 (35.7%) in level C. Patient age >60 were 18 (16.8%) in level A, 18 (8.4%) in level B and 3 (21.4%) in level C (Table 2).So gender male was significantly in level B with p = 0.109
Total 36 patients (10.7%) were asymptomatic. The most common presenting symptoms in the symptomatic patients were upper respiratory tract symptoms, manifested as dry cough (70.2%), and followed by fever (54.2%), shortness of breath (43.5%), headache (25.9%) and sore throat (25.3%). Less common symptoms were diarrhea (16.7%) chest pain (14.6%). (85.5%) patients were with QTc result on ECG < 430, (10%) patients were 430 – 450 and (4.5%) patients were > 450 (table 3). D-dimer results <1 mcg/mL were (49.4%) and (17.3%) were >1 mcg/mL (Table 3).
The minimum length of stay is 1 day and the maximum is 32 days. The mean length of stay was 5 ± 4.8 days and the median (IQR) 3 (2 – 6) (Table 3). The minimum length of stay in [ICU/HDU] was 1 day and the maximum was 21 days. The Mean length of stay in [ICU/HDU] 6.3 ± 5.8 and the median (IQR) was 4 (1 – 9) (table 3).
Patients aged between 30- 49 with no risk factors were 124 (66.7%) followed by patients aged between 30 – 49 45 (24.2%) with only1 risk factor (table 4). Patient with mild symptoms were 15 (48.4%) aged between 18 – 29, 85 patients (45.7%) aged between 30 – 49, 28 patients (35%) aged between 50 – 60 and 15 patients (38.5%) aged >60. Patients with moderate/severe symptoms were 11(35.5%) aged between 18 – 29, 86 patients (46.2%) aged between 30 – 49, 43 patients (53.7%) aged between 50 – 60 and 17 patients (43.6%) aged >60 (table 4).
Among 336 patients who were discharged or had deceased at the study end, total number of patients who died is 12 patients with mortality rate is (3.5%). 10 patients of them male (83.3%) while 91.7% were non-national.
The readmission rate within 14 days of discharge was 4.7% with total number of 16 patients, 15 patients of them is non-national (93.7%)
For both patients discharged alive and those who died it was noticed that half of the deceased patients (50%) were aged 30 – 49 and 5 patients of them in that age is male with (83.3%).
Total number of 16 patients were readmitted to the hospital within 14 days of discharge with 10 patients males (62.5%) and 6 patients females (37.5%). 7 patients (43.7%) with age of 30-49 were readmitted within 14 days of discharge.
Average length of stay for discharge patients was 4.8 days while for deceased patients was 10.2 days. 53 patients (28.4%) of the age of 30-49 used oxygen therapy and 86.8% were on nasal cannula.
16 patients had unplanned readmission (table 5). Patients who had ECG done on admission were (98.3%) (Table 6). Majority of patients discharged to Quarantine (table 7).
The highest risk factor in deceased patients was diabetes mellitus (58.3%) (Table 5).