To use the application of geographical information system for data collection for augmentation and feasibility study of the existing water supply system. The use of GIS (geographical information system) in this project is to prepare a schematic map and identify water demand, which is done by several relevant parameters. Mapping of the MIDC area can be done by geo sensing or by capturing drone images. Then these images are transferred to arc GIS Where the digitization of images is done and attribute tables are filled with data such as consumers’ water demand, consumers’ water meter readings. As the available drawings and data were around 30-year-old, all the drawings are prepared on AutoCAD with the latest information. Along with satellite images and drone images of the MIDC area DGPS (Differential global positioning system) survey is also done to generate topographical data. Application\improvements: this study concludes what parameters are required for a feasibility study of the water supply system and application of GIS for carrying out the project and its application in the mapping of utilities of industrial areas in MIDC. GIS is used over another method because of its high accuracy and its capability to show all the utilities which also include underground utilities, structures, and any other such assets in the real world. With all these advantages GIS has an edge over any other method of surveying and data collection which then allows theda decisions decide on planning and execution also with the data collected augmentation can be done if required.
Research Article
GIS-Based Asset Mapping, Utilities Infrastructure Mapping, Consumer Mapping& Studying Feasibility Parameters for Water Supply System
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1543595/v1
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License
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GIS
utility mapping
In developing countries like India where there is rapid urbanization; existing utilities more often are not able to meet the increasing demands. To cope with the demands, the existing utilities are either needed to be upgraded or required to build completely new. For this purpose, a survey is needed to be conducted that studies the existing utilities, consumer demand, and augmenting the future demand. GIS-based asset, utility, and consumer management system enables us to carry out such complex surveys in one place. GIS is a computer-based system that manages, analyzes, and displays geographic information and data. GIS enables the users to easily interpret the data from schematic maps, which contain all the information in layers, and to understand the geographic patterns and topography of the region.
One such place called Roha, is a Maharashtra industrial development corporation (MIDC) area where lately there has been an increasing in chemical and petrochemical industries which has skyrocketed the water demand for which water supply system which includes reservoir, pipe system, intake wells, sewage treatment plant ( STP) and pumps house are required to be updated or if needed reconstructing for which GIS-based Asset, utility and consumer management system is being used for mapping of the existing water supply system. This project was undertaken by Geo info services. Fig1 and fig 2 shows the rapid increase in settlement
Objectives
The main objective is to develop and integrate GIS-based information and management system for query analysis and will facilitate the preparation of schematic maps, detail objectives are listed as follows
- Mapping of utilities and water supply system
- Data collection and verification of assets and utilities
- Consumer mapping of an area of interest
- Suggesting possible solutions and providing sufficient data for augmentation
- Studying and analyzing existing water supply system
Study area
Roha is a class c municipal council situated in Raigad District of the Konkan region of Maharashtra situated near the bank of river Kundalika, the city is spread over an area of 7.2 sq. km. fig 3 is the image depicting the location of roha in Maharashtra
Roha is 120km south of Mumbai and has a big industrial set up . this set up is a chemical industry zone as declared by Maharashtra industrial development corporation (MIDV) which was set up by the government of Maharashtra in the year 1970. The study area lies between 18.4280° N, 73.1462° E fig 4 shows the MIDC area of Roha.
Georeferencing
Georeferencing is the process of assigning locations to geographical objects within a geographic frame, in this satellite images are used. Georeferencing can also be done on drone images. Satellite image of Roha MIDC was first captured in the highest possible resolution and the latitude and longitude of four reference points were noted. Google earth pro was used for this purpose
extraction of satellite image
The captured image of Roha MIDC was then transferred to ARCGIS wherein the latitude and longitude of four reference points were posted.
Digitization Of Structures & Utilities
on the extracted satellite image of Roha MIDC, existing water supply systems, roads, and other important infrastructure was identified and verified on the ground. After careful study and identification utilities and other infrastructures including adjacent river was digitized. Fig 4 shows the digitization of the pipe system and Kundalikia river in Roha MIDC and fig 5 shows the digitization of other assets and infrastructure.
Consumer mapping
Along with a door-to-door survey in Roha MIDC Area, excel shit was provided by MIDC which was verified and updated if required and then this information was linked to the digitized map created in ArcGIS in the form of an attribute Table.
Topographical Mapping
For preparing topographical maps, a Differential global positioning system (DGPS) survey is carried out. Then this data which is noted on-site in the format of excel shit is then transferred on digitized maps on ArcGIS. Using this software contours were created, and topographic data were analyzed for slope calculations. Topography of a region is important a sit influence the flow path of water. It helps in the effective management of the utility network.
Geographical Mapping Of Water Demand
To meet with the increasing demand it is very necessary to calculate and locate the water demand for each consumer separately, this is done by collecting readings from water meters and transferring this data on digitized maps,locating each consumer on the map. This data well then used for augmentation of new required demand by consumers by either updating or constructing a new water supply system
Feasibility Parameters
To check the feasibility of the existing water supply system, there are many which are required to be verified studied and identified. The parameters which were considered in the water supply system of Roha MIDC are as follows
Calculating the capacity of source ( Kundalika river )
Noting the pumping hours
Calculating capacity and efficiency of existing jack well
Measuring the sizes of pipe carrying raw and pure water
Calculating the total capacity of existing water tanks
Calculating capacity and efficiency of water treatment plant (WTP)
Extracting Map Layouts
all this data which was integrated into digitized maps were extracted which is accessible to everyone and can be shared easily by embedding them in apps. Map layouts prepared in ArcGIS are realistic and gives real-time interpretation
Application
The application of geographic information systems technology for effective management and design of water distribution systems is nowadays used in many areas. The authorities to establish a comprehensive database for the water distribution system use it for management program and to help maintenance professionals to monitor faults in-the network if any. With the help of this spatial information which is stored securely will be used for management and maintenance of the water supply system as it facilities the exact location of all pipes, valves, and other relevant utilities. Which makes it easy to track them using even any other non-GIS application. By using GIS query exact required utility can be identified and located, which becomes difficult if done by any other method in such vast areas like Roha MIDC. Just by clicking anywhere on the map, we can get information about the structure, assets, or utilities very easily which allows us to take the advantage of the system regardless of their knowledge in GIS. This system provides coverage for the entire life of the water distribution system. The analysis process can be performed to manage assets for up to 10-40 years. It also allows making necessary adjustment or expansions if required to increase or maintain the efficiency of the system. To make the GIS system more accurate for managing the water distribution system and other related assets it can be linked to other programs related to hydraulic analysis design and management of water distribution systems like water cad, planet software’s
Area volume calculations
Area volume calculations for 6m height
|
Chainage (m) |
Area (sq.m) |
Avg Area (sq.m) |
Length (m) |
Volume (cu.m) |
|
0 |
123.96 |
|
|
|
|
20 |
183.21 |
153.585 |
20 |
3071.7 |
|
40 |
126.44 |
154.825 |
20 |
3096.5 |
|
60 |
68.43 |
97.435 |
20 |
1948.7 |
|
80 |
32.32 |
50.375 |
20 |
1007.5 |
|
100 |
36.43 |
34.375 |
20 |
687.5 |
|
120 |
83.55 |
59.99 |
20 |
1199.8 |
|
140 |
99.72 |
91.635 |
20 |
1832.7 |
|
160 |
118.8 |
109.26 |
20 |
2185.2 |
|
180 |
120.62 |
119.71 |
20 |
2394.2 |
|
200 |
194.31 |
157.465 |
20 |
3149.3 |
|
220 |
150.42 |
172.365 |
20 |
3447.3 |
|
240 |
162.59 |
156.505 |
20 |
3130.1 |
|
260 |
163.89 |
163.24 |
20 |
3264.8 |
|
280 |
187.82 |
175.855 |
20 |
3517.1 |
|
300 |
199.08 |
193.45 |
20 |
3869 |
|
320 |
163.8 |
181.44 |
20 |
3628.8 |
|
340 |
112.49 |
138.145 |
20 |
2762.9 |
|
360 |
135.47 |
123.98 |
20 |
2479.6 |
|
380 |
163.59 |
149.53 |
20 |
2990.6 |
|
400 |
161.83 |
162.71 |
20 |
3254.2 |
|
420 |
159.01 |
160.42 |
20 |
3208.4 |
|
440 |
148.09 |
153.55 |
20 |
3071 |
|
460 |
170.94 |
159.515 |
20 |
3190.3 |
|
480 |
160.6 |
165.77 |
20 |
3315.4 |
|
500 |
152.91 |
156.755 |
20 |
3135.1 |
|
520 |
142.24 |
147.575 |
20 |
2951.5 |
|
540 |
133.58 |
137.91 |
20 |
2758.2 |
|
560 |
156.45 |
145.015 |
20 |
2900.3 |
|
580 |
128.27 |
142.36 |
20 |
2847.2 |
|
600 |
102.65 |
115.46 |
20 |
2309.2 |
|
620 |
95.21 |
98.93 |
20 |
1978.6 |
|
640 |
38.7 |
66.955 |
20 |
1339.1 |
|
660 |
51.3 |
45 |
20 |
900 |
|
680 |
-16.01 |
17.645 |
20 |
352.9 |
|
700 |
13.15 |
-1.43 |
20 |
-28.6 |
|
720 |
-10.24 |
1.455 |
20 |
29.1 |
|
740 |
-60.39 |
-35.315 |
20 |
-706.3 |
|
760 |
20.07 |
-20.16 |
20 |
-403.2 |
|
780 |
138.46 |
79.265 |
20 |
1585.3 |
|
800 |
93.05 |
115.755 |
20 |
2315.1 |
|
820 |
14.74 |
53.895 |
20 |
1077.9 |
|
840 |
6.39 |
10.565 |
20 |
211.3 |
|
860 |
-0.52 |
2.935 |
20 |
58.7 |
|
TOTAL VOLUME FOR 6m CURVE (cu.m) |
91314 |
|||
|
TOTAL AREA OF SUBMERGENCE FOR 6m CURVE (sq.m) |
4565.7 |
|||
|
TOTAL AREA OF SUBMERGENCE FOR 6m CURVE (Hectares) |
0.456 |
|||
Area volume calculations for 7m height
|
Chainage (m) |
Area (sq,m) |
Avg Area (sq.m) |
Length (m) |
Volume (cu.m) |
|
0 |
230.494 |
|
|
|
|
20 |
279.782 |
255.138 |
20 |
5102.764 |
|
40 |
209.015 |
244.399 |
20 |
4887.974 |
|
60 |
145.748 |
177.382 |
20 |
3547.639 |
|
80 |
112.608 |
129.178 |
20 |
2583.563 |
|
100 |
118.499 |
115.553 |
20 |
2311.068 |
|
120 |
169.471 |
143.985 |
20 |
2879.695 |
|
140 |
179.682 |
174.576 |
20 |
3491.523 |
|
160 |
213.214 |
196.448 |
20 |
3928.954 |
|
180 |
221.968 |
217.591 |
20 |
4351.818 |
|
200 |
227.913 |
224.941 |
20 |
4498.815 |
|
220 |
249.372 |
238.643 |
20 |
4772.858 |
|
240 |
266.945 |
258.159 |
20 |
5163.171 |
|
260 |
263.962 |
265.453 |
20 |
5309.065 |
|
280 |
291.329 |
277.645 |
20 |
5552.903 |
|
300 |
302.886 |
297.108 |
20 |
5942.151 |
|
320 |
271.086 |
286.986 |
20 |
5739.721 |
|
340 |
199.119 |
235.102 |
20 |
4702.046 |
|
360 |
236.189 |
217.654 |
20 |
4353.080 |
|
380 |
263.050 |
249.620 |
20 |
4992.394 |
|
400 |
255.343 |
259.197 |
20 |
5183.932 |
|
420 |
246.140 |
250.741 |
20 |
5014.830 |
|
440 |
250.175 |
248.157 |
20 |
4963.150 |
|
460 |
288.998 |
269.586 |
20 |
5391.725 |
|
480 |
285.636 |
287.317 |
20 |
5746.334 |
|
500 |
284.541 |
285.089 |
20 |
5701.771 |
|
520 |
304.536 |
294.539 |
20 |
5890.771 |
|
540 |
283.485 |
294.010 |
20 |
5880.204 |
|
560 |
296.395 |
289.940 |
20 |
5798.798 |
|
580 |
275.134 |
285.765 |
20 |
5715.295 |
|
600 |
271.589 |
273.362 |
20 |
5467.234 |
|
620 |
308.728 |
290.159 |
20 |
5803.174 |
|
640 |
254.186 |
281.457 |
20 |
5629.147 |
|
660 |
278.113 |
266.150 |
20 |
5322.990 |
|
680 |
183.565 |
230.839 |
20 |
4616.780 |
|
700 |
230.759 |
207.162 |
20 |
4143.247 |
|
720 |
199.845 |
215.302 |
20 |
4306.049 |
|
740 |
288.449 |
244.147 |
20 |
4882.943 |
|
760 |
249.477 |
268.963 |
20 |
5379.263 |
|
780 |
348.292 |
298.885 |
20 |
5977.692 |
|
800 |
237.740 |
293.016 |
20 |
5860.316 |
|
820 |
267.538 |
252.639 |
20 |
5052.779 |
|
840 |
207.790 |
237.664 |
20 |
4753.285 |
|
860 |
175.630 |
191.710 |
20 |
3834.203 |
|
880 |
194.604 |
185.117 |
20 |
3702.338 |
|
900 |
199.671 |
197.138 |
20 |
3942.753 |
|
920 |
207.400 |
203.536 |
20 |
4070.712 |
|
940 |
193.344 |
200.372 |
20 |
4007.438 |
|
960 |
162.161 |
177.753 |
20 |
3555.051 |
|
980 |
163.406 |
162.784 |
20 |
3255.674 |
|
1000 |
164.687 |
164.046 |
20 |
3280.929 |
|
1020 |
166.412 |
165.549 |
20 |
3310.981 |
|
1040 |
176.164 |
171.288 |
20 |
3425.753 |
|
1060 |
156.605 |
166.384 |
20 |
3327.684 |
|
1080 |
116.208 |
136.406 |
20 |
2728.122 |
|
1100 |
88.800 |
102.504 |
20 |
2050.081 |
|
1120 |
89.872 |
89.336 |
20 |
1786.726 |
|
1140 |
110.615 |
100.244 |
20 |
2004.871 |
|
1160 |
130.547 |
120.581 |
20 |
2411.615 |
|
1180 |
200.143 |
165.345 |
20 |
3306.890 |
|
1200 |
212.553 |
206.348 |
20 |
4126.952 |
|
1220 |
172.547 |
192.550 |
20 |
3850.996 |
|
1240 |
198.277 |
185.412 |
20 |
3708.238 |
|
1260 |
222.528 |
210.403 |
20 |
4208.050 |
|
1280 |
242.898 |
232.713 |
20 |
4654.263 |
|
1300 |
249.578 |
246.238 |
20 |
4924.763 |
|
1320 |
230.072 |
239.825 |
20 |
4796.502 |
|
1340 |
236.973 |
233.523 |
20 |
4670.451 |
|
1360 |
234.278 |
235.626 |
20 |
4712.514 |
|
1380 |
215.785 |
225.032 |
20 |
4500.636 |
|
1400 |
197.831 |
206.808 |
20 |
4136.162 |
|
1420 |
212.107 |
204.969 |
20 |
4099.377 |
|
1440 |
250.103 |
231.105 |
20 |
4622.101 |
|
1460 |
256.774 |
253.438 |
20 |
5068.770 |
|
1480 |
247.629 |
252.201 |
20 |
5044.026 |
|
1500 |
254.912 |
251.271 |
20 |
5025.412 |
|
1520 |
149.679 |
202.295 |
20 |
4045.907 |
|
1540 |
169.665 |
159.672 |
20 |
3193.440 |
|
1560 |
155.981 |
162.823 |
20 |
3256.460 |
|
1580 |
153.024 |
154.502 |
20 |
3090.042 |
|
1600 |
133.775 |
143.399 |
20 |
2867.986 |
|
1620 |
115.100 |
124.437 |
20 |
2488.745 |
|
1640 |
104.039 |
109.569 |
20 |
2191.383 |
|
1660 |
115.846 |
109.942 |
20 |
2198.847 |
|
1680 |
63.592 |
89.719 |
20 |
1794.383 |
|
1700 |
48.829 |
56.211 |
20 |
1124.210 |
|
1720 |
85.647 |
67.238 |
20 |
1344.760 |
|
1740 |
50.645 |
68.146 |
20 |
1362.925 |
|
1760 |
25.504 |
38.074 |
20 |
761.489 |
|
1780 |
56.342 |
40.923 |
20 |
818.459 |
|
1800 |
98.348 |
77.345 |
20 |
1546.905 |
|
1820 |
92.240 |
95.294 |
20 |
1905.887 |
|
1840 |
92.838 |
92.539 |
20 |
1850.781 |
|
1860 |
131.228 |
112.033 |
20 |
2240.656 |
|
1880 |
119.518 |
125.373 |
20 |
2507.456 |
|
1900 |
127.354 |
123.436 |
20 |
2468.712 |
|
1920 |
125.998 |
126.676 |
20 |
2533.514 |
|
1940 |
153.335 |
139.666 |
20 |
2793.324 |
|
1960 |
132.764 |
143.049 |
20 |
2860.989 |
|
1980 |
167.103 |
149.934 |
20 |
2998.674 |
|
2000 |
193.670 |
180.386 |
20 |
3607.728 |
|
2020 |
176.789 |
185.230 |
20 |
3704.591 |
|
2040 |
171.843 |
174.316 |
20 |
3486.323 |
|
2060 |
175.487 |
173.665 |
20 |
3473.296 |
|
2080 |
201.264 |
188.376 |
20 |
3767.510 |
|
2100 |
183.782 |
192.523 |
20 |
3850.466 |
|
2120 |
162.933 |
173.358 |
20 |
3467.156 |
|
2140 |
165.624 |
164.278 |
20 |
3285.569 |
|
2160 |
181.343 |
173.483 |
20 |
3469.666 |
|
2180 |
198.654 |
189.998 |
20 |
3799.970 |
|
2200 |
194.347 |
196.500 |
20 |
3930.007 |
|
2220 |
240.529 |
217.438 |
20 |
4348.759 |
|
2240 |
236.765 |
238.647 |
20 |
4772.941 |
|
2260 |
226.546 |
231.655 |
20 |
4633.105 |
|
2280 |
254.568 |
240.557 |
20 |
4811.137 |
|
2300 |
294.825 |
274.697 |
20 |
5493.935 |
|
2320 |
292.762 |
293.794 |
20 |
5875.873 |
|
2340 |
312.683 |
302.722 |
20 |
6054.447 |
|
2360 |
301.868 |
307.275 |
20 |
6145.509 |
|
2380 |
320.104 |
310.986 |
20 |
6219.721 |
|
2400 |
340.227 |
330.165 |
20 |
6603.309 |
|
2420 |
233.615 |
286.921 |
20 |
5738.417 |
|
2440 |
289.595 |
261.605 |
20 |
5232.099 |
|
2460 |
215.601 |
252.598 |
20 |
5051.963 |
|
TOTALVOLUME FOR 7m CURVE (cu.m) |
497813.379 |
|||
|
TOTAL AREA OF SUBMERGENCE FOR 6m CURVE (sq.m) |
24890.669 |
|||
|
TOTAL AREA OF SUBMERGENCE FOR 6m CURVE (Hectares) |
2.480 |
|||
The existing KT Weir is more than 30 years old. Hence, Augmentation & strengthening of the existing dam along with Desalination can be the most favorable solution for Source Strengthening. Accordingly, a Drone survey, DGPS – RTK Survey & GIS mapping was carried out for identifying the suitable Weir Height for increasing its capacity. The survey was carried out up to a stretch of 700m on the downstream side & 2500m on the upstream side. The following is the summary table of area volume calculations for deriving the proposed storage capacity of the Weir. These results were then analyzed to decide the final height of the Weir.
| Sr.no. | Weir height (m) | Capacity (cu.m) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | 91314 |
| 2 | 7 | 497814 |
Acknowledgments
We express our special thanks of gratitude to our professor DR. KALPESH SHARMA sir who gave us the opportunity of working on this project. As well as for their guidance and constant supervision. We are also thankful to RAHUL DESHMUKH sir for providing the necessary information regarding the project.
Conflict of Interests
We have no conflict of interest to disclose, all authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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No competing interests reported.