Our previous study demonstrated that pentacyclic triterpenoids from the fruits of Chaenomeles speciosa had prominent treatment functions on gastric damage patients and animals. However, little has been known about the pharmacological activity and mechanism of its each triterpene component (oleanolic acid, maslinic acid, betulinic acid, ursolic acid, 3-O-acetyl ursolic acid, 3-O-acetyl pomolic acid, tormentic acid (TA)). In current study, we found that TA possessed stronger cell protective effect and promoted proliferation activity on IND-damaged GES-1 cells than other triterpenoids from the fruits of Chaenomeles speciose by bioscreening. Therefore, we selected TA for further research. The results demonstrated that TA might ameliorate the gastric mucosal injury induced by IND, which was associated with accelerating the damaged GES-1 cell proliferation and migration, meliorating the injured rat GBF, ulcer inhibitor, ulcer area and pathologic changes of gastric mucous tissue, reducing the total acidity and volume of the gastric effluents, and raising the gastric pH; Further empirical research indicated that TA dramatically suppressed miR-139 mRNA expression, elevated CXCR4 and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expressions, p-PLC, p-PKC, Rho A, MLCK and p-MLC protein expressions. these data demonstrated that TA avoided gastric mucosal injury by suppressing miR-139 expression and activating the CXCR4/CXCL12/PLC/PKC/Rho A/MLC pathway, thereby boosting the epithelial cell proliferation and migration, and promoting the gastric damaged healing.