Industrial pollution leads to environmental change impacting human health like prenatal disorders infant mortality, respiratory disorders ,allergies, malignancies ,cardio-vascular disorders ,mental disorders causing death. Due to its wide range impact and lack of compressive study industrial pollution is causing adverse impact on human health.(Mohammad Mafizer Rehman ,Khosrul Alam and Eswarn Velayutham (2021).(18) Not only on humans industrial pollution has negative impact on the health of insects, pests ,crops, animals and natural resources this study was done Gazipur ,Bangalore in form of questionnaire survey and sample size of 50 persons.(M. Anwar Hossain et al.2010)(19). There are thousands of Pollution causing contaminants present in environment at nano and micro-gram per litre per level(Rene P. Schwarzenbach et al .2010)(20) .Urbanization has destroyed the environment and threatened its survival chances .(Inyinbor Adejumoke e tal.2018)(21). In a study carried out in china to study the effect of water pollution treatment on human health to carry out the study data was collected from China health retirement longitudinal study to study the relationship between health and water pollution it was found the the water pollution was negatively associated with the health outcomes and industrial waste water has impacts on health(Qing Wang et al.2016)(22) Due to industrialization Farmers living nearby the industrial areas are getting mostly affected with its ill side effects .In an another study done in China villagers believe that water pollution in area is because of nearby industrial plants they contribute to detoriate water quality of the river water. Tannery (Leather industry) releases untreated effluent in the environment leather industry releases, Organo Chlorinated Phenol ,toxic Cr (VI) ,copper ,antimony, barium, lead, selenium ,mercury, zinc, arsenic, nickel, formaldehyde, resin, pesticides ,salts ,dyes ,grease ,oil Cr(VI) discharge causes acute toxicity, carcinogenic and high blood pressure affecting seed germination(Geremew Liknow Tadesse et al .2017)(23). Farmers having many acute chronic health conditions including cardiovascular ,respiratory disease, arthritis, skin cancer hearing loss and amputations even agricultural workplace can cause stress and adverse reproductive outcomes. In getting exposed to organic dusts grain processing and confines animal feeding operations lead to the cause of asthma (Steven Kirk horn, Marc –B – Schenker ).
Due to industrialisation and uptake of fluoride through drinking water and the usage of fluorinated toothpaste result in accumulation .Fluoride in living organisms in (bones). The following research was carried out in animals as they are good bio-indicators for fluoride pollution the study was done to investigate the amount of fluoride in the tissue of vertebrates and invertebrates like fishes ,amphibians, reptiles and small mammals ,ungulates and predators .(Mirona Palczewska – Komsa.2016).(25)
Fluoride pollution caused many bio-chemical changes in the Haemo-lymph in silkworms. The aim of the study is to study the adverse health effects caused by Fluoride pollution on silkworm health.(Yun – gen Milao (2004)(26).It is said that excess of fluoride is harmful for animals and humans .Fluoride enters food chain when it starts getting accumulated in water thus impacting fish health which results in accumulating human health also.(Suvendu Ghosh et al .2019)(27).In an another study author selected a total of 20 sampling sites 15 out of 20 samples is found more than the prescribed limit by the WHO (1.2mg/l).It was conclude that 75% of water is unfit for human use .(Mamta Goyal et al.2006).(28)HF is the most dangerous gas emitted from the aluminium smelters the following study was conducted in Oman to model HF dispersion to make sure that the concentration doesnot cross threshold limt for the residents living nearby results showed that the concentration was found below the allowable concentration .(Sabh Abdul –Wahab eta al.2019).(29)
A fertilizer Phosphate Plant causes fluoride pollution this study was done to check its effect on children health living nearby plant it results in declining in growth and development of the children and increase in dental mottling (56.2%) incident. Other symptoms include headace, dizziness pain in joints and limbs phyrangeal congestion and folliculosis odour more frequently.(Junging Ding et al .1987)(30).Fluoride pollution caused by factories processing phosphate in South of Safi affecting animals and plants. Fluoride concentration in following study shows that Fluoride pollution in plants nearby factories is more than in plants which are in non- polluting areas In grass 700ppm ,In forge − 280 ppm ,straw − 75ppm ,barley 25-ppm water − 1.6 ppm therefore the ingestion of these polluted plants inhalation of Fluoride cause dust and gases results in daily high intake in animals which results in dental fluorosis.(M. Kessabi et al 1984).(31)
Increased Nitrate level lead to the growth of algae and also result in decrease of level of oxygen which is essential to support fish and other marine life .(Michel J Hills,1996)(32).Nitrate level exceeds in drinking water in many part of Southern Africa .High Nitrate level leads to infant Methemoglobinemia. Map shows Nitrate occurrence in Botswana,Nambia and South Africa .Source of Nitrate Contamination it can be Natural or Anthropogenic .(G..Tredoux and Astalma .2006)(33).Nitrogen Fertilizers application increases ground water pollution this was observed in a study conducted in Adimeshk and Susa Plains. The region is divided to 4 sub region A,B,C,D, 168 groundwater samples were collected from 42 water wells .A Questionnaire Survey procedure was used for collection N- fertilizer application rate data in NO3 Concentration was found 44.27 mg/l. below WHO guidelines mean Nitrate concentration found from 4 regions 16.1,19.5,13.3,7.9 mg/l.(AH Mahvi et al. 2005)(34).Nitrate and Nitrite pollution is most identified linked contaminant it is associated with Septic waste and Agricultural activities posing threat to human health. For studing Nitrate/Nitrite effect 4 rural areas of Lucknow were selected 15 samples from each areas were taken. Maximum nitrate 1.8998 both are high (Anjali Verma et al.2014).(35)
Lot of work on Fluoride and Nitrate contamination is being done in Haryana which indicates presence of these contaminants in the Haryana groundwater. (Priyanka Yadav,Deppika Pandey et al. 2021) did a study on the groundwater of Manesar ,Haryana and their study indicates presence of Fluoride and Nitrate contamination in the samples of groundwater of some villages of Manesar ,Haryana. (Sucheta Yadav et al.2019) studied the presence of Fluoride concentration in the groundwater samples of District Mahendergarh and found concentration of fluoride in the samples between 0.3 to 0.16 mg/l .(Bhupinder Singh ,V.K Garg 2006) did study in Pataudi ,Haily mandi and Harsaru village and reported Fluoride concentration between 1.68\(\pm\)0.35,3.22\(\pm\)1.18 and 1.78\(\pm\)0.12 mg/l. In an another study done by (JP Yadav ,S Lata et al .2003 )did study on Urinary fluoride samples and Drinking water in the Children of Jhajjar District, Haryana he found Fluoride concentration between (1.48 \(\pm\)2.14 mg/l). (Meenakshi et al.2003) did some study on the ground water of Jind District and reported a change in Fluoride concentration (0.3 to 6.9 mg/l). A study was done in did study in Panipat District Haryana to know the non-carcinogenic human health risk caused due to intake of Fluoride and Nitrate contaminated water and results indicate that children are more health risk of non-carcinogenic than the adult population. ( Lakhvinder Kaur et al.2020). (VK Garg et al.2009) did same kind of study on the groundwater of South western Haryana in Bhiwani District he studied Fluoride and he reported (86 .0 mg/l) Fluoride concentration from one of the village under his study Motipura village having highest concentration of fluoride till now. In a study done in Jhajjar District and shows increase in Fluoride and Nitrate in the groundwater of Jhajjar District( Ruchi Gupta.2018). In an another study done on the groundwater of Hisar District ,Haryana reported Fluoride concentration between the range of (0.24 to9.27 mg/l) in the groundwater samples. A study done on Markanda River of Kurukshetra District reported that High level of Nitrate content in the well water of Haryana(99.5 mg/l) (Rakesh K Watts et al.2019 ). Study done by (Guru Premet al.2008) in the Farukhnagar area of District Gurgaon shows Nitrate level in the ground water of tubewells of Farukhnagar area (56.19 to 91.36) all of these study done in Haryana indicate presence of Fluoride and Nitrate in Haryana more than the prescribed limit of WHO (45 mg/l).