See the published version of this article at BMC Pediatrics.
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Research article
The association of depression and child maltreatments among Indonesian adolescents
Meita Dhamayanti
Universitas Padjadjaran
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0708
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Pediatrics.
Background: Depression is one of the most prevalent emotional mental health problem among adolescents. Mental health problem might be the result of child maltreatment considering their prevalence are increasing simultaneously in Indonesia. The aim of this study is determining the association between depression and history of maltreatment among adolescents.
Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted to 786 junior high school students of Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. Subject was selected using two stage cluster sampling. The questionnaire of Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST) were applied to assess depression and history of maltreatment respectively. Depression confirmation was diagnosed by psychiatry based on scored positive in CDI. Data were analyzed using chi-square and multiple regression test.
Results: History of child maltreatment was associated with depressive disorder in adolescents (p = 0.03). All dimension of child maltreatment had significant association with depression (p <0.05). Psychological violence had the highest risk factor for the occurrence of depressive disorders (PR = 6.51), followed by violence exposure and physical violence. Sexual violence was not a common dimension of child maltreatment among students. The history of psychological violence had the strongest association with depression, which three times more likely to develop depression (POR = 3.302, p = 0.004)
Conclusion: Psychological violence was proven as a strong risk factor in developing depression symptom for adolescents student. Early intervention to prevent maltreatment and its consequences is critical, as well.
Keywords
adolescents, child maltreatment, depression, Indonesia
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Posted 15 May, 2020
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On 27 Jun, 2020
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Editor assigned
On 30 Apr, 2020
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On 29 Apr, 2020
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On 03 Mar, 2020
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Received 26 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 09 Mar, 2020
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Pediatrics. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
The association of depression and child maltreatments among Indonesian adolescents
Meita Dhamayanti
Universitas Padjadjaran
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0708
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 2
Posted 15 May, 2020
Published
On 27 Jun, 2020
No community comments so far
Editor assigned
On 30 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 29 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 03 Mar, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 30 Mar, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 26 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 09 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 03 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 02 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 02 Mar, 2020
First submitted
On 01 Mar, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Pediatrics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Pediatrics.
Background: Depression is one of the most prevalent emotional mental health problem among adolescents. Mental health problem might be the result of child maltreatment considering their prevalence are increasing simultaneously in Indonesia. The aim of this study is determining the association between depression and history of maltreatment among adolescents.
Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted to 786 junior high school students of Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. Subject was selected using two stage cluster sampling. The questionnaire of Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST) were applied to assess depression and history of maltreatment respectively. Depression confirmation was diagnosed by psychiatry based on scored positive in CDI. Data were analyzed using chi-square and multiple regression test.
Results: History of child maltreatment was associated with depressive disorder in adolescents (p = 0.03). All dimension of child maltreatment had significant association with depression (p <0.05). Psychological violence had the highest risk factor for the occurrence of depressive disorders (PR = 6.51), followed by violence exposure and physical violence. Sexual violence was not a common dimension of child maltreatment among students. The history of psychological violence had the strongest association with depression, which three times more likely to develop depression (POR = 3.302, p = 0.004)
Conclusion: Psychological violence was proven as a strong risk factor in developing depression symptom for adolescents student. Early intervention to prevent maltreatment and its consequences is critical, as well.
Figure 1