Age-Sex Structure: The age sex pyramid shows the age and sex-wise population distribution. Here, in this diagram(Fig. No.4, Table No.4)are group has been divided into six classes. Here, the age group between 31-and 47 has been shown the highest male and female population, highest old age population has been shown the age of 65-80. In this study area, maximum males are presenting in a working age group. Above 80 years the diagram is shown the population being reduce. This diagram shows the dependency ratio of the working population. The child dependency ratio is increased more than the old age ratio. In this figure, the age group between 65-80 female number is too good, whereas the male population is rarely below. Age-Sex-wise male and female populations are most important in urban areas. The urban development, planning and income, etc. dependents on it, which lies between the age group 15-64.
Table No. 4 :Age group wise Population
AGE
GROUP
|
MALE
|
FEMALE
|
0-14
|
28
|
16
|
15-30
|
30
|
35
|
31-47
|
43
|
46
|
48-64
|
18
|
26
|
65-80
|
1
|
11
|
>80
|
2
|
2
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Economic status of Tuk-Tuk drivers: Total population(surveyed)of Tuk-Tuk drivers in Berhampore Municipality, economic status divided into 3 categories, there are APL, BPL, and Antadaya. Most of the belong to the APL group. ( Fig No. 5, Table No.5). Economic status represents the economic condition of the family but sometimes it happened opposite situation. Antodaya and BPL categories get different types of govt. facilities.Here,12 and 19 families belong respectively BPL and Antodaya categories and other families belong APL category.
Table No. 5:Economic Status
ECONOMIC STATUS
|
APL
|
21
|
BPL
|
12
|
Antodaya
|
19
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Literacy Rate: According to a sample survey the total literacy rate of Tuk-Tuk drivers' families is 94%.( Fig No. 6 & 7). From this point of view, it may be pointed out that the literacy rate of Tuk-Tuk drivers is better than family members. So, the Tuk-Tuk drivers are generally more educated than other occupations such as a van, rickshaw pullers, etc. This municipality is in an urban area so most of the Tuk-Tuk drivers are literate.There are also two women with a Tuk-Tuk, one of them is illiterate and the other is H.S pass.
Educational Qualification: Educational qualification is the most important part of economic development. According to the sample survey total of 260 population out of the 120 persons are male and 140 are females.36 male persons belong to below Class-IX, on the other hand, higher studies is the lowest population linked with the Tuk-Tuk transport system. Education qualification of Tuk-Tuk drivers are described here, total population out of 17 persons are illiterate, where 5 persons of male and 10 persons of female. ( Fig No. 8, Table No.6)
Table No. 6 :Educational Status
STATUS
|
MALE
|
FEMALE
|
Illiterate
|
6
|
11
|
Primary
|
11
|
16
|
Upper Primary
|
36
|
32
|
Secondary
|
20
|
28
|
Higher Secondary
|
23
|
29
|
Graduate
|
5
|
14
|
Post Graduate
|
9
|
8
|
Higher Studies
|
6
|
3
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Tuk-Tuk driving:Nature of occupation
Dependency RatioThe dependency ratio has been calculated by sample data. According to sample survey 2022, the child dependency ratio, and aged dependency ratio of Tuk-Tuk drivers' families have been calculated as 22.2222 and 30.330. ( Fig No. 9, Table No.7)Tuk-Tuk drivers live in an urban area so they are more educated than rural people that’s why the dependency rate is low in this municipality. So, the aged dependency ratio is more than the child dependency ratio.
Table No. 7 :Dependency Ratio
Dependency ratio
|
Child
Dependency
|
Aged Dependency
|
22.2222
|
30.3030
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Previous occupation structure: It is shown based on a sample survey. Here, the previous occupation structure has been shown into 10 categories. ( Fig No.10, Table No.8)Based on this classification the highest numbers of Tuk-Tuk drivers select Tuk-Tuk driving as their occupation whose previous occupation was unemployment. On the other hand 10 persons of Tuk-Tuk drivers whose previous occupation was the security guard.
Table No. 8:Previous Occupation Structure
PREVIOUS
OCCUPATION
|
NO
|
Agriculture
|
6
|
Driver
|
4
|
Hokari
|
7
|
Rajmistry
|
4
|
Security Guard
|
3
|
Van Driver
|
5
|
Rickshaw Puller
|
10
|
Unemployment
|
11
|
Cook
|
1
|
Stiching
|
1
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Reason behind choosing Tuk-Tuk driving as an occupation: Based on a primary survey 25 people out of the total respondent said that they wanted to earn money which was the main reason for choosing driving. .( Fig No. 11, Table No.9) Tuk-Tuk driving is a low investment job, that’s why most of the people in this municipality choose Tuk-Tuk driving. There are also two women with Tuk-Tuk by this occupation they run their family, educate their child and it becomes their hobby.
Table No. 9 :Reason for choosing driving
REASON
|
NO
|
To earn money
|
10
|
Close of miles and factories
|
4
|
Not avilable other suitable jobs
|
7
|
Low investment for this job
|
15
|
It is very easy and comfortable
|
6
|
For self employement
|
8
|
To run the family
|
2
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
CASE STUDY:1
According to Mrs. Das, she is an illiterate married woman. She started her journey with tuk-tuk driving in April 2020 during the pandemic. She was a cook before driving tuk-tuk, but she lost her job in the pandemic for Covid-19. At that time, she didn’t get any economic facilities from others that’s why she decided that she would become a tuk-tuk driver. She also said that tuk-tuk driving was her hobby also. She has no union. She suffer problems from male tuk-tuk drivers when she drove started a conflict with them. She got no. of vehicles but didn’t get any license from Berhampore Municipality for her no sufficient money. She couldn’t say any recommendations for solving this problem.
CASE STUDY:2
According to Mrs. Jana(Mondal), she is an HS pass women tuk-tuk driver who started tuk-tuk driving in March 2018. She was doing stitching before tuk-tuk driving. Firstly she brought tuk-tuk for her husband but after that some dispute between them she left with her son and her mother. She has a 1,00,000 amount of loan, Of payment for this loan she started driving. She has a union(RTO).In her opinion, she pays motor vehicle tax per month. The number of the van, rickshaws have been reduced for transport short distances at present time. Her opinion on the problem of tuk-tuk driving is a dispute between other tuk-tuk drivers in the station area, the absence of tuk-tuk stands in Berhampore Municipality area, and problems of overtaking, etc. But at present time behave of male tuk-tuk drivers will happening to improve.
Income Level: based on this income level, the economic status of the selected study is cab be understood properly.The income level of the selected area has been classified into 6 classes. .( Fig No. 13, Table No.10)
Table No. 10 :Income Structure
INCOME
|
NO
|
<5000
|
6
|
5000-10000
|
11
|
10000-15000
|
21
|
15000-20000
|
7
|
20000-25000
|
5
|
>25000
|
2
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Location of Tuk-Tuk Stand in Urban Transport System
Location of Tuk-Tuk stand on the basis of road network: The total length of the road is 100.75 km. Most of the roads are pucca. Different types of vehicle traffic including heavy vehicles like buses, on the other side Tuk-Tuk, play the entire municipality area. In Berhampore municipality, there are 6 Tuk-Tuk stands.The name of the Tuk-Tuk stand and its address are below . (,Table No.11)
Table No. 11:Location of Tuk-Tuk Stand with address
SL. NO.
|
NAME OF THE TUK-TUK STAND
|
ADDRESS
|
1.
|
Kassimbazar Station Tuk-Tuk Stand
|
Near Kassimbazar Station
|
2.
|
Molla Gere Tuk-Tuk Stand
|
Near J.N.Academy School
|
3.
|
Girija More Tuk-Tuk Stand
|
Near Kasiswari School
|
4.
|
Berhampore Bus Stand Tuk-Tuk Stand
|
Near Mohona Bus Stop
|
5.
|
Murshidabad Medical College Hospital Tuk-Tuk Stand
|
Near Swarnamoyee Road
|
6.
|
Berhampore Station Road Tuk-Tuk Stand
|
Near Berhampore Station
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Distribution of Para transport vehicles: According to the Municipality record, there are 1109 registered Tuk-Tuks by the municipality.The most important para transport vehicles of the municipality are auto, rickshaw, van, and Tuk-Tuk. The number of Tuk-Tuk vehicles is increasing day by day.Years(2016-2018,2020-22)different types of para transport vehicles are shown below.( Fig No. 14 & 15,Table No.12)
Table No. 12 :Distribution of Para Transport Vehicles
VEHICLES
|
2016-2018
|
VEHICLES
|
2020-2022
|
Tuk-Tuk
|
300
|
Tuk-Tuk
|
809
|
Auto
|
200
|
Auto
|
150
|
Van
|
210
|
Van
|
190
|
Rickshaw
|
200
|
Rickshaw
|
30
|
Source:Field Survey, 2022
Standwise Tuk-Tuk distribution: In Berhampore Municipality have 6 major Tuk-Tuk stands. The maximum number of Tuk-Tuks is shown at Berhampore station road. Stand wise Tuk-Tuk distribution is representing ( Fig No. 16 & 17, Table No.13).
ROAD NETWORK MAP WITH TUK-TUK STAND
(BERHAMPORE MUNICIPALITY)