As a biodegradable green dielectric material, cellulose has been used in wearable electronic devices, sensors, film capacitors, and other electronic devices. Cellulose-based dielectric has the advantages of renewable, non-toxic, flexible, and strong mechanical properties, so it of is great significance to study the dielectric properties of cellulose. In this paper, we summarized the factors influencing the dielectric properties of cellulose-based dielectric and the ways to change the dielectric properties, mainly explored the methods to improve the dielectric constant of nanocellulose-based dielectric materials. This review summarizes the current state-of-art progress of new dielectric materials, the application of cellulose in electronic devices, the development of green energy storage materials and etc.