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Cigarette smoking is associated with high level of ferroptosis in seminal plasma and affects semen quality
Ling Sun
Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
Corresponding Author
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Purpose The effects of cigarette smoking on male semen quality are controversial, and the molecular mechanisms underlying how cigarette smoking affects semen quality are not clear yet.
Methods In this study, semen samples from 70 heavy smokers and 75 non-smokers receiving infertility treatment were included. Basic semen parameters in non-smokers and heavy smokers were evaluated. Levels of glutathione (GSH), lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), iron and GSH-dependent peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein level were observed in human seminal plasma and in GC-2Spd cells exposed to cigarette smoke condensate (CSC).
Results Heavy smokers had significantly higher abnormalities (sperm viability and sperm progressive motility) than non-smoking counterparts. Comparing non-smokers group, GSH level was reduced in the group of heavy smokers (P<0.05). However, the level of lipid ROS and iron were significantly increased (P<0.05). Besides, GSH level was reduced following treatment with CSC for 24 hours, while lipid ROS and iron levels were increased (P<0.05). However, the levels were reduced after being co-cultured with Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (P<0.05). The level of GPX4 protein was reduced after being treated with CSC in 24 hours, and increased after being co-cultured with Fer-1(P<0.05).
Conclusion Cigarette smoking is associated with high level of ferroptosis in seminal plasma and affect semen quality.
Keywords
Ferroptosis, Cigarette smoking, Semen quality, Cigarette smoke condensate, Infertility
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 3
Posted 20 May, 2020
No community comments so far
Review #1 received
Received 15 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 11 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 11 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 10 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 09 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 09 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 28 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 24 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 20 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 15 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 15 Apr, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 11 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 10 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 08 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 08 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 08 Mar, 2020
First submitted
On 04 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 04 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 03 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 03 Mar, 2020
Metrics
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PDF Downloads: ...
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Subject Areas
Endocrinology & Metabolism
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This preprint is under consideration at Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Cigarette smoking is associated with high level of ferroptosis in seminal plasma and affects semen quality
Ling Sun
Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 3
Posted 20 May, 2020
No community comments so far
Review #1 received
Received 15 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 11 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 11 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 10 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 09 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 09 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 28 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 24 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 20 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 15 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 15 Apr, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Mar, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 11 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 10 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 08 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 08 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 08 Mar, 2020
First submitted
On 04 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 04 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 03 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 03 Mar, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Endocrinology & Metabolism
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Purpose The effects of cigarette smoking on male semen quality are controversial, and the molecular mechanisms underlying how cigarette smoking affects semen quality are not clear yet.
Methods In this study, semen samples from 70 heavy smokers and 75 non-smokers receiving infertility treatment were included. Basic semen parameters in non-smokers and heavy smokers were evaluated. Levels of glutathione (GSH), lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), iron and GSH-dependent peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein level were observed in human seminal plasma and in GC-2Spd cells exposed to cigarette smoke condensate (CSC).
Results Heavy smokers had significantly higher abnormalities (sperm viability and sperm progressive motility) than non-smoking counterparts. Comparing non-smokers group, GSH level was reduced in the group of heavy smokers (P<0.05). However, the level of lipid ROS and iron were significantly increased (P<0.05). Besides, GSH level was reduced following treatment with CSC for 24 hours, while lipid ROS and iron levels were increased (P<0.05). However, the levels were reduced after being co-cultured with Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (P<0.05). The level of GPX4 protein was reduced after being treated with CSC in 24 hours, and increased after being co-cultured with Fer-1(P<0.05).
Conclusion Cigarette smoking is associated with high level of ferroptosis in seminal plasma and affect semen quality.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3