Big data-driven visual analysis, natural language understanding and speech recognition and artificial intelligence ability is rapidly increased, the artificial intelligence technology is penetrating and reconstructing economic activities such as production, distribution, exchange and consumption (Jui-Hung Chang, Po-Sheng Chiu & Chin-Feng Lai,2020). In order to speed up the application of artificial intelligence in the field of educational innovation, people built the intelligent network and personalization, lifelong education system. The invention of the personnel training mode, teaching method reform and educational management is supported by the intelligent technology. Thus it can promote balanced educational development and the educational fair. It’s an essential means to improve the quality of education, and it is indispensable to realize educational modernization.
Digital campus has distinctive characteristics in the basic theory of artificial intelligence and the research and application of critical technologies such as natural language understanding, computer vision, multimedia, and robotics. And it has a solid foundation in personnel training and discipline development. Facing the opportunity of a new generation of artificial intelligence development, it’s better for colleges and universities further strengthen basic research, subject development, and advantage of talents cultivation. Colleges and universities can strengthen applied basic research and the essential technical breakthrough. Colleges and universities can constantly promote artificial intelligence in depth fusion. It can constantly promote the depth of the artificial intelligence and education integration that can provide a new way for educational reform. In short, colleges and universities can lead the field of artificial intelligence in science and technology innovation, personnel training, and technology application demonstration.
5.1 Modules of the Construction of Digital Campus of Higher Education
The guide to the construction of digital campus of higher education can be seen as follows. The infrastructure includes four main functions, which are network facility, cloud service capability, intelligent terminal system, and infrastructure maintenance (see Fig. 2). Digital campus infrastructure adopts cloud computing and cloud service architecture deployment. Cloud computing adopts network storage, virtualization, distributed computing, and other technologies to achieve transparent infrastructure cloud services. Then it provides basic computing and storage for the virtual image construction, big data processing, and application services of the host computer in the digital campus. Network facilities refer to the wired or wireless network environment of the school, which can meet the requirements of timely transmission of all kinds of data, high-speed, comprehensive interconnection, and arbitrary application on demand. It provides the broadband ubiquitous network foundation for the digital campus. The intelligent terminal system is the material basis of mass data collection and real-time feedback control of the intelligent campus. It realizes the comprehensive perception of teachers and students' teaching and learning activities, the operation of instruments and equipment, the interaction of living environment and other states. In addition, it is necessary to develop a sound operation and maintenance management system and build a reliable operation and maintenance management system to facilitate and efficiently monitor and manage facilities, equipment, network traffic, and system operation (LIU Geping, ZHONG Jian& XIE Tao,2019).
Data and resources part includes primary database, business database, data warehouse, educational resources, and graphic resources (See Fig. 3). A standardized primary database covering the teaching, scientific research, management, and service of the school should be set up to record and manage the process data and result from data generated in the daily business activities of the school. We are constructing the teaching resource database and the information resource database that can satisfy teachers and students to carry out the teaching and scientific research activities, as well as the service resource database used for life, entertainment and other activities.
Digital campus infrastructure services platform for coordination, scientific research, management and service in various fields and database application system (See Fig. 4). There are both perfect business management, flexible customer service, and "one-stop information portal" in the digital campus infrastructure services platform. In order to provide a solid business operation foundation for the intelligent application of digital campus, the business support layer should effectively manage all the data of the school. The data basis for the digital campus is to conduct big data analysis and provide all kinds of intelligent applications.
Innovative application mainly includes a variety of intelligent campus information business applications (See Fig. 5). There are teaching, scientific research, service, management decision, cultural inheritance, and other applications in the innovative application. They are the key to the role of the digital campus and the interface for the digital campus to communicate with users.
Guarantee system includes organizational guarantee system, mechanism guarantee system, and network space security. It provides practical guarantee for the stable, efficient and safe operation of the digital campus (See Fig. 6).
5.2 Taking Southwest University as a case study
In order to promote the school educational teaching reform and develop into digital campus on the basis of electronic campus, and to construct a technology-enabled teaching environment and explore a new teaching model based on artificial intelligence. It’s essential to use artificial intelligence and big data to carry out teaching process monitoring, learning situation analysis, and academic performance diagnosis as well as to support schools in transforming the organizational structures and management systems through the application of artificial intelligence technologies. Thus it can realize exemplary management and personalized services on campus and comprehensively improve school governance. Taking Southwest University as an example, from "Multiple Management” to “One-stop Service" platform, which can be seen in Fig. 7.
With data system (primary data, business process data, theme data) as foundation, One-stop service model is integrated in Big data environment (Liu Bangqi, Sun Shuhui,2018). It is the supporting system generated form of organization, and it customize output "process template" business processes. Based on extensive data analysis tool, the subject of data mining integration with the campus information portal. Then it achieves the reunification of the user entry access, and unified communications management.
The one-stop service hall is the feasible window for teachers and students to provide services, unified online affairs handling and acceptance, matters inquiry and service guide, service tracking and comprehensive inquiry, statistical analysis, and other comprehensive services. The construction contents include, (1) coordinating the service resources of various business departments, solving the problems of cross-department business collaboration, and innovating the construction mode of business management service. (2) Completing the circulation and sharing data sharing database, "one-stop" business database, data sharing database, data mining database, providing data support and data services. (3) Based on massive business process data and relevant primary data, it provides topic data analysis and decision support to teachers, students, and leadership through horizontal comparison, drilling-through transformation, trend prediction, and other technical methods.
According to the "one-stop" service model and the business needs of campus users, taking the service center of southwest university as an example, the service items and structure designed are shown in Fig. 8. There are eleven operational systems are shown in Fig. 8, they are mail system, students BBS, the personnel talent, OS (office system), educational administration system, the scientific research system, MIS system for graduate students, financial platform, the governing system, the housing system, and electronic library. What's more, there are four main categories of service: process approval service, data filling service, comprehensive query service, and topic analysis service. The data exchange mode provides the data basis for various services and topic analysis. Among them, process approval service realizes cross-department business collaboration, users do not need to care about business process and data flow in the process of business flow. Data filling service is mainly avoiding repeated data filling, users only need to fill in the data that needs to be supplemented, and the existing data in the database can be loaded automatically. Comprehensive inquiry service is mainly queries the information related to individuals themselves, such as personnel information, scientific research results information, financial information, and teaching information, etc. Topic analysis service is mainly based on the accumulation of a large number of business process data and primary data mining to optimize the school management and service.
Making full use of "Internet +" technology is an ideal path to promote the modernization of the governance system of colleges and universities (Hua Qi, Zhou Yang,2015). From “Internet + government service " to the Internet further extension, "Internet + the reception service" model of the general idea is: "management on the service, the service on process", so as to achieve "management in service, and embodied in service management idea" effect. Its essence is combed and re-engineered business process. Implementing the process is to change management ideas, organization and business model (Su Guanxian, Su Xiongwu,2018).
Business process carding includes: on the one hand, it’s the process finishing. In another word, the business scope, job responsibilities, and service contents of all business departments of school are sorted out in all aspects. For example, Southwest University carried out the Application of Service Portal-Professional Title Evaluation, which is shown in Fig. 9. Teachers are no longer required to submit materials to various departments for professional title evaluation. People can carry out the evaluation through a one-stop service platform. From Fig. 9, we can see that the first step is the declaration instructions. The second step is declaration form information filling, the third step is declaration form information preview, the fourth step is external audit form information filling, the fifth step is external audit form information preview, then the final application is completed. Only six steps are needed to complete the teacher professional title evaluation. Besides, we carried out a survey for 4694 college teachers in Chongqing, there are 44.16% participants agree strongly and 39.5% teachers agree that the application of service portal-professional title evaluation is helpful to them. Therefore, it shows the application of service portal-professional title evaluation is effective.
On the other hand, survives is classified according to different needs. As the service content reported by each department is only limited to the unit’s responsibilities, the overall service is fragmented. The classification is integrated according to the principle of service nature and content, and the business links of each department are closely linked to form a one-stop service chain. If first-year students register for the new semester, they need to go to the student department, the academic affairs department, the financial department etc,. But with the one-stop service portal for multi-terminal access, students can finish all the above steps avoid running errands. Thus to achieve the effect of “letting data walk more and people walk less”.
One-card service is one of the most critical applications in the construction of digital campus, and it is the concentrated application embodiment of integration, networking, and intelligence. One-card service improves the teaching quality and efficiency, optimizes various process standard of improving management and service level. It provides a convenient, efficient, and personalized service for the majority of teachers and students to study and work.