| Paper specific aims | Conducting LSRs | Reporting LSRs | Publishing LSRs | Appraising LSRs |
1. Brooker 2019 [3] Guidance for the production and publication of Cochrane living systematic reviews: Cochrane Reviews in living mode | To provide detailed guidance on the production and publication process of a Cochrane living systematic review | √ | √ | √ | √ |
2. Crequit 2020 [14] Future of evidence ecosystem series: 2. current opportunities and need for better tools and methods | To consider how the access to new sources and data types and the recent developments of new methods, technologies, and tools presents a great opportunity to create and sustain an ecosystem designed to support production of updated high-quality evidence syntheses. | √ | | √ | |
3. Elliott 2014 [1] Living Systematic Reviews: An Emerging Opportunity to Narrow the Evidence-Practice Gap | To describe several recent developments that have the potential to improve dramatically the efficiency of conventional SRs and enable the widespread production of LSRs. | | | √ | |
4. Elliott 2017 [15] Living systematic review: 1. Introduction—the why, what, when, and how | To introduce what LSR are and discuss the main issues in LSRs, including searching, updating scenarios, production processes, editorial and peer review, and publication. | √ | | √ | |
5. Harrington 2021 [16] COVID-19 Technology-Enabled Living Systematic Reviews to Enhance Knowledge Translation | To provide details on how machine learning can be used for LSR and nursing implications. | √ | | √ | |
6. Kahale 2021 [12] Tailored PRISMA 2020 flow diagrams for living systematic reviews: a methodological survey and a proposal | To assess how published LSRs report on the flow of studies through the different phases of the review for the different updates and to propose an approach for documentation and reporting. | | √ | | |
7. Lansky 2020 [17] Living Systematic Reviews and Other Approaches for Updating Evidence | To introduce a new method for updating SRs called “living” SRs and indications for updating. | √ | | √ | |
8. Lerner 2019 [18] Automatic screening using word embeddings achieved high sensitivity and workload reduction for updating living network meta-analyses | To develop and evaluate an algorithm for automatically screening citations when updating living network meta-analysis (NMA). | √ | | | |
9. MacDonald 2020 [19] Living systematic reviews at The BMJ | To give insights how living SRs (in fast moving research areas) at The BMJ will be handled by the research team and of their usual methodological standards. | √ | | | |
10. Millard 2019 [20] Feasibility and acceptability of living systematic reviews: results from a mixed-methods evaluation | To provide details on the feasibility of LSRs, barriers and facilitators. | √ | | √ | |
11. Negrini 2021 [21] A systematic review that is ``rapid'' and ``living'': A specific answer to the COVID-19 pandemic | To describe "rapid living" systematic reviews, an innovative methodological design used to systematically synthesize emerging evidence in the field of rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic. | √ | | √ | |
12. Page 2020 [4] The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews | To provide an updated guideline for reporting SRs with the PRISMA 2020 checklist and statement. | | √ | | |
13. Ravaud 2020 [22] Future of evidence ecosystem series: 3. From an evidence synthesis ecosystem to an evidence ecosystem | To introduce a new approach and innovative solution to the current problems of need to provide up-to-date evidence synthesis for a specific clinical question. | √ | √ | √ | |
14. Simmonds 2017 [23] Living systematic reviews: 3. Statistical methods for updating meta-analyze | To compare and consider application of four methods to avoid specific statistical problems when updating meta-analyses for LSRs. | √ | | √ | |
15. Slaugther 2015 [24] Enabling Living Systematic Reviews and Clinical Guidelines through Semantic Technologies | To provide a brief review on various efforts to produce semantic technologies for sharing and reusing content from clinical investigations (RCTs and other clinical primary studies). | | | √ | |
16. Ter Schure 2019 [25] Accumulation bias in meta-analysis: the need to consider time in error control | To investigate various ways in which time influences error control in meta-analysis testing and to introduce an Accumulation Bias Framework. | √ | | | √ |
17. Thomas 2017 [26] Living systematic reviews: 2. Combining human and machine effort | To specifically focus on ways in which the use of new human and machine “technologies” can make the standard SR process more efficient. | √ | | | |
18. Thomas 2021 [27] Cochrane Handbook Chap. 22: Prospective approaches to accumulating evidence | To provide detailed guidance on prospective approaches to accumulating evidence for LSRs. | √ | | √ | |
19. Vergara-Merino 2020 [28] Living systematic review: new inputs and challenges | To describe LSR’ relevance, the considerations that should be taken when producing one, and the challenges proper of this type of review. | √ | √ | √ | |
20. Winters 2020 [29] Stay alive! What are living systematic reviews and what are their advantages and challenges? | To introduce living SRs and to discuss its advantages and challenges. | √ | | √ | |
21. Xu 2020 [30] A brief introduction to living systematic reviews (Chinese) | To introduce the developing, characteristics, conditions, implementation and applications of living systematic reviews. | √ | √ | √ | |
Total number | | 17/21 | 6/21 | 15/21 | 2/21 |