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Research
Country and Gender Differences in the Association between Violence and Cigarette Smoking Among Youth
Eliseo J Perez-Stable
National Institutes of Health
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-2738
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Conflict and Health.
Background: Exposure to violence in youth may be associated with substance use and other adverse health effects. This study examined cigarette smoking in two middle-income areas with different levels and types of exposure to violence.
Methods: Association of exposure to verbal and physical violence with cigarette smoking in the West Bank oPt (2008) and in Jujuy Argentina (2006) was examined using cross-sectional surveys of 14 to 17-year old youth in 7th to 10th grade using probabilistic sampling.
Results: Violence exposure rates were more than double for Palestinian girls (99.6% vs. 41.2%) and boys (98.7% vs. 41.1%) compared with Argentinians. The rate of current cigarette smoking was significantly higher among Argentinian girls compared with Palestinian girls (33.1% vs. 7.1%, p<0.001). Exposure to verbal violence from family and to physical violence increased the odds of current cigarette smoking, respectively, among Argentinian girls (aOR=1.3, 95% CI=1.0-1.7; aOR=2.5, 95%CI=1.7-3.8), Palestinian girls (aOR 2.2, 95%CI= 1.1-2.4; aOR=2.0, 95%CI=1.1-3.6) and Argentinian boys (aOR=1.5, 95%CI=1.1-2.0; aOR=2.2, 95%CI=1.6-3.0), but not among Palestinian boys.
Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of producing context and gender specific evidence from exposure to violence, to inform and increase the impact of targeted smoking prevention strategies.
Keywords
Violence, Smoking, Youth, Gender, Cross-country
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Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 2
Posted 18 Sep, 2020
Published
On 14 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 26 Nov, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 03 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 21 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 01 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 31 Jul, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 06 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Jun, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 19 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 01 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 Mar, 2020
First submitted
On 25 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 25 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 25 Mar, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
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This preprint is under consideration at Conflict and Health. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Country and Gender Differences in the Association between Violence and Cigarette Smoking Among Youth
Eliseo J Perez-Stable
National Institutes of Health
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-2738
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 2
Posted 18 Sep, 2020
Published
On 14 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 26 Nov, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 03 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 21 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 01 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 31 Jul, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 06 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Jun, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 19 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 01 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 Mar, 2020
First submitted
On 25 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 25 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 25 Mar, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Conflict and Health.
Background: Exposure to violence in youth may be associated with substance use and other adverse health effects. This study examined cigarette smoking in two middle-income areas with different levels and types of exposure to violence.
Methods: Association of exposure to verbal and physical violence with cigarette smoking in the West Bank oPt (2008) and in Jujuy Argentina (2006) was examined using cross-sectional surveys of 14 to 17-year old youth in 7th to 10th grade using probabilistic sampling.
Results: Violence exposure rates were more than double for Palestinian girls (99.6% vs. 41.2%) and boys (98.7% vs. 41.1%) compared with Argentinians. The rate of current cigarette smoking was significantly higher among Argentinian girls compared with Palestinian girls (33.1% vs. 7.1%, p<0.001). Exposure to verbal violence from family and to physical violence increased the odds of current cigarette smoking, respectively, among Argentinian girls (aOR=1.3, 95% CI=1.0-1.7; aOR=2.5, 95%CI=1.7-3.8), Palestinian girls (aOR 2.2, 95%CI= 1.1-2.4; aOR=2.0, 95%CI=1.1-3.6) and Argentinian boys (aOR=1.5, 95%CI=1.1-2.0; aOR=2.2, 95%CI=1.6-3.0), but not among Palestinian boys.
Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of producing context and gender specific evidence from exposure to violence, to inform and increase the impact of targeted smoking prevention strategies.