Development and external validation of a nomogram for predicting the effect of tumor size on survival of patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Background: The effect of tumor size on account of the long-term survival results in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA) patients has remained a controversial debate. It is urgent necessary to identify the optimal cutoff value of tumor size in PCCA and integrate tumor size with other prognostic factors into a nomogram to improve the predictive accuracy of the prognosis of patients with PCCA.
Methods: 363 PCCA patients underwent surgical resection were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. X-tile program was used to identify the optimal cutoff value of tumor size. A nomogram including tumor size was established to predict 1-, 3- and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) based on the independent risk factors chosen by Kaplan-Meier methods and multivariable cox regression models. The precision of the nomogram for predicting survival was validated internally and externally.
Results: PCCA patients underwent surgical resection were classified into 1-19 mm, 20-33 mm and ³34 mm subgroup based on the optimal cutoff for tumor size in terms of CSS. And we noticed that more larger tumor size group had worse tumor grade, advanced T stage, more positive regional lymph nodes and more frequency vascular invasion. The nomogram according to the independent factors was well calibrated and displayed better discrimination power than 7 th Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage systems.
Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the larger the tumor size was, the worse the survival would be. The proposed nomogram, which outperforms the conventional TNM staging system, showed consistently reliability and clinically practicality for predicting the prognosis of PCCA patients.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Posted 28 Sep, 2020
On 30 Oct, 2020
On 22 Sep, 2020
On 21 Sep, 2020
On 21 Sep, 2020
On 11 Sep, 2020
Received 28 Aug, 2020
On 25 Aug, 2020
Received 11 Jul, 2020
On 24 Jun, 2020
Invitations sent on 24 Jun, 2020
On 24 Jun, 2020
On 23 Jun, 2020
On 23 Jun, 2020
On 20 May, 2020
Received 11 May, 2020
On 20 Apr, 2020
Received 18 Apr, 2020
Invitations sent on 13 Apr, 2020
On 13 Apr, 2020
On 09 Apr, 2020
On 01 Apr, 2020
On 01 Apr, 2020
On 30 Mar, 2020
Development and external validation of a nomogram for predicting the effect of tumor size on survival of patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Posted 28 Sep, 2020
On 30 Oct, 2020
On 22 Sep, 2020
On 21 Sep, 2020
On 21 Sep, 2020
On 11 Sep, 2020
Received 28 Aug, 2020
On 25 Aug, 2020
Received 11 Jul, 2020
On 24 Jun, 2020
Invitations sent on 24 Jun, 2020
On 24 Jun, 2020
On 23 Jun, 2020
On 23 Jun, 2020
On 20 May, 2020
Received 11 May, 2020
On 20 Apr, 2020
Received 18 Apr, 2020
Invitations sent on 13 Apr, 2020
On 13 Apr, 2020
On 09 Apr, 2020
On 01 Apr, 2020
On 01 Apr, 2020
On 30 Mar, 2020
Background: The effect of tumor size on account of the long-term survival results in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA) patients has remained a controversial debate. It is urgent necessary to identify the optimal cutoff value of tumor size in PCCA and integrate tumor size with other prognostic factors into a nomogram to improve the predictive accuracy of the prognosis of patients with PCCA.
Methods: 363 PCCA patients underwent surgical resection were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. X-tile program was used to identify the optimal cutoff value of tumor size. A nomogram including tumor size was established to predict 1-, 3- and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) based on the independent risk factors chosen by Kaplan-Meier methods and multivariable cox regression models. The precision of the nomogram for predicting survival was validated internally and externally.
Results: PCCA patients underwent surgical resection were classified into 1-19 mm, 20-33 mm and ³34 mm subgroup based on the optimal cutoff for tumor size in terms of CSS. And we noticed that more larger tumor size group had worse tumor grade, advanced T stage, more positive regional lymph nodes and more frequency vascular invasion. The nomogram according to the independent factors was well calibrated and displayed better discrimination power than 7 th Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage systems.
Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the larger the tumor size was, the worse the survival would be. The proposed nomogram, which outperforms the conventional TNM staging system, showed consistently reliability and clinically practicality for predicting the prognosis of PCCA patients.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4