The woven carbon fibers (WCF) fabrics were functionalized by growing CuO nanostructures using Seed-assisted hydrothermal technique. The effective growth of CuO nanostructures on surface hydrolyzed WCF samples were achieved by seeding followed by the growth treatment in the prepared precursor solution. The impact of hydrothermal process parameters such as number of seeding cycles, duration of growth treatment and molar concentration of growth solution were studied by performing 96 set of experiments with three repetitions. In this work detailed analysis of structural, morphological, and elemental attributes of the CuO-coated WCF fabrics samples have been done. The WCF fabrics were uniformly coated with monoclinic CuO nanostructures having nanopellets, nanoflakes, nanowires, and nanoflowers morphologies by adjusting the seed-assisted hydrothermal process parameters. A field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) study, energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction study, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study, TGA thermograms and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques were used to study different attributes of CuO-modified WCF samples. The number of seeding treatments and the length of the growth treatment had a significant impact on the growth of CuO nanostructures on WCF. The detailed analysis exhibits that the developed CuO-modified WCF samples may enhance interfacial surface area, bonding capacity and reduce void content by allowing nanostructures to cross-link together and with polymer matrix while fabricating composite materials.