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Research article
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) into German: a qualitative study in three countries
Beate Krieger
Zurich University of Applied Sciences
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-9698
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Pediatrics.
Background:
Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, to use a measure like the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) in other than the original English-speaking contexts, cultural adaptation needs to be assured. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally translate and adapt the PEM-CY into German as it is used in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
Methods:
Fifteen parents of children and adolescents with disabilities from three German speaking countries participated in three rounds of think-aloud interviews. We followed the procedure of cultural equivalence guidelines including two additional steps. Data was analyzed by content analysis using semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence.
Results:
Results show adaptations mainly focused on experiential and conceptual equivalence, with conceptual equivalence being the most challenging to reach. Examples of experiential equivalence included adapting the examples of activities in the PEM-CY to reflect those typical in German speaking countries. Conceptual equivalence mainly addressed aspects of “involvement” and “environment” of children and adolescents and was reached through adaptations such as enhanced instructions and structures, and additional definitions.
Conclusion:
This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the PEM-CY that is suitable for Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Using a modified cultural adaptation process, a culturally adapted version of PEM-CY (German) is now available for research, practice and further validation.
Keywords
assessment, outcome, children, youth, qualitative research, community, social participation, environment, PEM-CY
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
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Posted 14 Sep, 2020
Published
On 24 Oct, 2020
No community comments so far
Submission checks complete
On 11 Sep, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 11 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 07 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 31 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 30 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 30 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Review #1 received
Received 27 Jul, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 27 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 16 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 14 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 13 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 13 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 08 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 25 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 17 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 17 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 03 Apr, 2020
Metrics
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PDF Downloads: ...
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Subject Areas
Pediatrics
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Pediatrics. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) into German: a qualitative study in three countries
Beate Krieger
Zurich University of Applied Sciences
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-9698
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 4
Posted 14 Sep, 2020
Published
On 24 Oct, 2020
No community comments so far
Submission checks complete
On 11 Sep, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 11 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 07 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 31 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 30 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 30 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Review #1 received
Received 27 Jul, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 27 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 16 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 14 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 13 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 13 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 08 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 25 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 17 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 17 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 03 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Pediatrics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Pediatrics.
Background:
Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, to use a measure like the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) in other than the original English-speaking contexts, cultural adaptation needs to be assured. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally translate and adapt the PEM-CY into German as it is used in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
Methods:
Fifteen parents of children and adolescents with disabilities from three German speaking countries participated in three rounds of think-aloud interviews. We followed the procedure of cultural equivalence guidelines including two additional steps. Data was analyzed by content analysis using semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence.
Results:
Results show adaptations mainly focused on experiential and conceptual equivalence, with conceptual equivalence being the most challenging to reach. Examples of experiential equivalence included adapting the examples of activities in the PEM-CY to reflect those typical in German speaking countries. Conceptual equivalence mainly addressed aspects of “involvement” and “environment” of children and adolescents and was reached through adaptations such as enhanced instructions and structures, and additional definitions.
Conclusion:
This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the PEM-CY that is suitable for Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Using a modified cultural adaptation process, a culturally adapted version of PEM-CY (German) is now available for research, practice and further validation.
Figure 1
Figure 2