1.1 Clinical data
A total of 146 patients with cancer pain in our hospital were identified and assessed for eligibility in the research, including 84 males and 62 females, with an average age of 60.3±10.1 years. Inclusion criteria: (1) 18-90 years old, conscious, without communication barriers, and able to cooperate with relevant examinations, (2) histological diagnosis of malignant tumor, (3) cancerous pain persisting for more than one week. Exclusion criteria: (1) AIDS patients or organ transplant patients, (2) in critical situations that are difficult to assess, (3) with complications such as acute injury, infectious fever or acute liver disease, (4) patients who refuse to answer or cannot answer Nutritional assessment is not possible due to problems, etc.
1.2 Methods
Using a unified questionnaire, the nutritional status measurement and index detection of the patients were completed within 24 hours of admission.
1.2.1 The pain intensity was self-assessed by the patients, and the numerical score method (NRS) was used to evaluate the pain intensity. The number 0-10 was used to describe the pain intensity. 0 was no pain, 1-3 was mild pain, and 4-6 was divided. Moderate pain, 7-10 points as severe pain.
1.2.2 Nutritional risk screening The NRS-2002 was used for risk screening. The total score ≥ 3 points indicated that there was nutritional risk, and <3 points indicated that there was no nutritional risk.
1.2.3 Patient Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) consists of two parts: the first part is a patient self-assessment form, which mainly consists of four aspects: weight, eating status, symptoms and signs, activity and physical function, which are completed by the patient and scored. Add up to get an A score. The second part is the medical staff evaluation form, including the relationship between disease and nutritional needs, metabolic needs, and physical examination. The scores are recorded as B, C, and D respectively. PG-SGA quantitative evaluation total score=A+B+C+D score.
1.2.4 Body measurement indicators: height, weight, and calculation of body mass index (BMI), grip strength (HGS).
1.2.5 Analysis of body composition The body composition was measured by the bioelectrical impedance method through the body composition analyzer InbodyS10 (Biospace, Korea). The subjects ate for more than 2 hours, without strenuous activity, infusion, etc., emptied the urine, and only wore underwear and trousers. Lie on your back, with your feet 10-15 cm apart, with the back of your hand facing upwards, with your fingers stretched out on your side and abducted 15°, wipe the skin of the electrode contact area with an alcohol cotton ball, and place 4 electrode pads on the right wrist and the back of the hand. And right ankle, back of foot, extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW), protein (PRO), body cell mass (BCM), fat content (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), limb skeletal muscle Content (ASM) = left upper limb + right upper limb + left lower limb + right lower limb skeletal muscle content, skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) = ASM (kg) / height (m) 2, phase angle (PA). According to Kyle [4] criteria, bioelectrical impedance 50 kHz, male PA < 5°, and female PA < 4.6° were defined as low PA, and the subjects were divided into low PA group and normal PA group.
1.2.6 Biochemical indicators Determination of hemoglobin (HB), lymphocyte count (LYM), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), cholinesterase (CHE), prealbumin (PALB) with an automatic biochemical analyzer Wait.
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The study was approved by ethics committee of Tianjin Medical University cancer institute and hospital(bc2019121). All persons gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study.
1.3 Statistical Analysis
Quantitative data were presented in the form of x6s, and assessed by Student t-test. The relation was assessed by Pearson correlation or Spearman correlation analysis. The data normality was tested before statistical analysis, non-normally distributed variables for data conversion. Statistical analyses were performed using the statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 22.0. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.