Adda, M., Merchuk, J. C., Arad, S. M. 1986. Effect of nitrate on growth and production of cell-wall polysaccharide by the unicellular red alga Porphyridium. Biomass 10 (2), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-013-0248-z
Ahmed, M., Poortvliet, T. C. W. M., Wijnholds, A., Staland, L. J., Hasnain, S., 2014. Isolation, characterization and localization of extracellular polymeric substances from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis strain MMG-9. European Journal of Phycology 49 (2), 143-150. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2014.895048
Aikawa, S., Izumi, Y., Matsuda, F., Hasunuma, T., Chang, J. S., & Kondo, A., 2012. Synergistic enhancement of glycogen production in Arthrospira platensis by optimization of light intensity and nitrate supply. Bioresource Technology 108, 211–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.004
Arad, S., Levy-Ontman, O., 2010. Red microalgae cell-wall polysaccharides: biotechnological aspects. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 21, 358–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2010.02.008
Azero, E. G., Andrade, C. T., 2006. Characterization of Prosopis juliflora seed gum and the effect of its addition to k-carrageenan systems. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 17 (5), 844-850. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532006000500005.
Budarin, V., Ross, A.B., Biller, P., Riley, R., Clark, J.H., Jones, J.M., Gilmour, D.J., Zimmerman, W., 2012. Microalgae biorefinery concept based on hydrothermal microwave pyrolysis. Green Chemistry 14, 3251–3254. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2GC36202C
Can, H. K., Gurbuz, F., Odabas, M. 2019. Partial characterization of cyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances for aquatic ecosystems. Aquatic Ecology 53, 431-440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-019-09699-z
Carvalho, A. P., Silva, S. O., Baptista, J. M., & Malcata, F. X. 2011. Light requirements in microalgal photobioreactors: an overview of biophotonic aspects. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 89 (5), 1275–1288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-3047-8
Chentir, I., Hamdi, M., Doumandji, A., HadjSadok, A., Ouada, H. Ben, Nasri, M., & Jridi, M., 2017. Enhancement of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production in Spirulina (Arthrospira sp.) by two-step cultivation process and partial characterization of their polysaccharidic moiety. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 105 (2), 1412-1420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.009
Chuandong, S. U., Zhenming, C. H. I., & Weidong, L. U. (2007). Optimization of medium and cultivation conditions for enhanced exopolysaccharide yield by marine Cyanothece. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 25(4), 411–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-007-0411-3
Cox, W. P., Merz, E. H. 1958. Correlation of dynamic and steady flow viscosities. Journal of Polymer Science 28, 619-622. https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1958.1202811812
Decho, A. W., Gutierrez, T. 2017. Microbial Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPSs) in Ocean Systems. Frontiers in Microbiology 8, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00922
Dejsungkranont, M., Chisti, Y., & Sirisansaneeyakul, S., 2017. Simultaneous production of C-phycocyanin and extracellular polymeric substances by photoautotrophic cultures of Arthrospira platensis. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 92(10), 2709–2718. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5293
Delattre, C., Pierre, G. Laroche, C., Michaud, P., 2016. Production, extraction and characterization of microalgal and cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides. Biotechnology Advances 34 (7), 1159-1179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.08.001
Depraetere, O., Deschoenmaeker, F., Badri, H., Monsieurs, P., Foubert, I., Leys, N., Wattiez, R., Muylaert, K., 2015. Trade-Off between growth and carbohydrate accumulation in nutrient-limited Arthrospira sp. PCC 8005 studied by integrating transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. PLOS ONE 10(7): e0132461. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132461
Du, Z., Li, Y., Wanga, X., Wana, Y., Chen, Q., Wang, C., Lin, X., Liu, Y., Chen, P., Ruan, R., 2011. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of microalgae for biofuel production. Bioresource Technology 102 (7), 4890-4896. 4896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.055
Dubois, M., GillesK. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A., Smith, F., 1956. Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances. Analytical Chemistry 28 (3), 350-356. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60111a017
Ekelhof, A., & Melkonian, M., 2017. Enhanced extracellular polysaccharide production and growth by microalga Netrium digitus in a porous substrate bioreactor. Algal Research 28, 184–191. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.11.003
Friedman, O., Dubinsky, Z., & Arad, S. M., 1991. Effect of light intensity on growth and polysaccharide production in red and blue-green Rhodophyta unicells. Bioresource Technology 38 (2), 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(91)90139-B
Piedras, F. R., Baisch, P. R. M., Machado, M. I. C. S., Vieira, A. A. H., Giroldo, D. 2010. Carbohydrate release by a subtropical strain of Spondylosium pygmaeum (Zygnematophyceae): influence of nitrate availability and culture aging. Journal of Phycology 46, 477-483. DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00823.x
Goo, B. G., Baeka, G., Choi, D. J., Park, Y. I., Synytsyac, A., Bleha, R., Seong, D. H., Lee, C. G., Park, J. K. 2013. Characterization of a renewable extracellular polysaccharide from defatted microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta. Bioresource Technology 129, 343-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.077
Gong, H., Tang, Y., Wang, J., Wen, X., Zhang, L., & Lu, C., 2008. Characterization of photosystem II in salt-stressed cyanobacterial Spirulina platensis cells. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1777, 488–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.03.018
Han, P., Suna, Y., Jiaa S., Zhonga, C., Tan, Z., 2014. Effects of light wavelengths on extracellular and capsular polysaccharide production by Nostoc flagelliforme. Carbohydrate Polymers 105, 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.061.
Hussein, M. H., Abou-elwafa, G. S., Shaaban-dessuuki, S. A., & Hassan, N. I., 2015. Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Exopolysaccharide Secreted by Nostoc carneum. International Journal of Pharmacology 11 (5), 432-439. Doi: 10.3923/ijp.2015.432.439
Jesus, C. S., Assis, D. J., Rodriguez, M. B., Filho, J. A. M., Costa, J. A. V., Ferreira, S. E., Druzian, J. I., 2019. Pilot-scale isolation and characterization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from cell-free medium of Spirulina sp. LEB-18 cultures under outdoor conditions. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 124, 1106-1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.016
Li, H., Mao, W., Hou, Y., Gao, Y., Qi, X., Zhao, C., Chen, Y., Chen, Y., Li, N., Wang, C., 2012. Preparation, structure and anticoagulant activity of a low molecular weight fraction produced by mild acid hydrolysis of sulfated rhamnan from Monostrom alatissimum. Bioresource Technology, 114 (3), 414–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.025
Lowry, O. H.; Rosebrough, N. J.; Farr, A. L.; Randall, R. J., 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 193 (1), 265–75.
Lupi, F. M., Fernandes, H. M. L., Tomé, M. M., Sá-Correia, I., & Novais, J. M. 1994. Influence of nitrogen source and photoperiod on exopolysaccharide synthesis by the microalga Botryococcus braunii UC 58. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 16(7), 546–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(94)90116-3
Manirafasha, E., Murwanashyaka, T., Ndikubwimana, T., Ahmed, R. N., Liu, J., Lu, Y., Zeng, X., Ling, X., Jing, K. 2018. Enhancement of cell growth and phycocyanin production in Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis by metabolic stress and nitrate fed-batch. Bioresource Technology. 255, 293-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.068
Markou, G., Angelidaki, I., & Georgakakis, D. 2012. Microalgae carbohydrates: An overview of the factors influencing carbohydrates production and of main bioconversion technologies for production of biofuels. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 96(3), 631–645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4398-0
Mishra, A., Kavita, K., &Jha, B., 2011. Characterization of extracellular polymeric substances produced by micro-algae Dunaliella salina. Carbohydrate Polymers 83(2), 852–857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.08.067
Miklestad, S. M. 1995. Release of extracellular products by phytoplankton with special emphasis on polysaccharides. The Science of the Total Environment 165, 155-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04549-G
Mouhim, F. R., Cornet, J., Fontane, T., Fournet, B., Dubertret, G. 1993. Production, isolation and preliminary characterization of the exopolysaccharide of the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis. Biotechnology Letters 15, 567–572. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00138541
Nouha, K., Kumar, R. S., Balasubramanian, S., & Tyagi, R. D. (2016). Critical review of EPS production, synthesis and composition for sludge flocculation. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.020
Ohki, K., Le, N., Yoshikawa, S., Kanesaki, Y., Okajima, M., Kaneko, T., Thi, T. 2014. Exopolysaccharide production by a unicellular freshwater cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. isolated from a rice field in Vietnam. Journal of Applied Phycology 26, 265-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-013-0094-4
Oliver, J. W. K., Atsumi, S., 2014. Metabolic design for cyanobacterial chemical synthesis. Photosynthesis Research 120 (3), 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-014-9997-4.
Ozturk, S., &Aslim, B. 2010. Modification of exopolysaccharide composition and production by three cyanobacterial isolates under salt stress. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 17 (3), 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-009-0233-2
Parikh, A. Madamwar, D., 2006. Partial characterization of extracellular polysaccharides from cyanobacteria. Bioresource Technology 97 (15), 1822-1827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.09.008
Pereira, S., Zille, A., Micheletti, E., Moradas-Ferraira, P., De Philippis, R., Tamagnini, P., 2009. Complexity of cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides: composition, structures, inducing factors and putative genes involved in their biosynthesis and assembly. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 33, 917–941. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00183.x
Piedras, F. R., Baisch, P. R. M., Machado, M. I. C. S., Vieira, A. A. H., Giroldo, D. 2010. Carbohydrate release by a subtropical strain of Spondylosium pygmaeum (Zygnematophyceae): influence of nitrate availability and culture aging. Journal of Phicology 46, 477-483. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00823.x
Pignolet, O., Jubeau, S., Vacca Garcia, C., Michaud, P., 2013. Highly valuable
microalgae: biochemical and topological aspects. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 40, 781–796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-013-1281-7
Piorreck, M., Baasch, K., & Pohl, P., 1984. Biomass production, total protein, chlorophylls, lipids and fatty acids of freshwater green and blue-green algae under different nitrogen regimes. Phytochemistry 23(2), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80304-0
Santos, R. R., Corrêa, P. S., Dantas, F. M. L., Teixeira, C. M. L. L., 2019. Evaluation of the co-production of total carotenoids, C-phycocyanin and polyhydroxyalkanoates by Arthrospira platensis. Bioresource Technology Reports 7, 100226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100226
Shabana, E. F., Gabr, M. A., Moussa, H. R., El-Shaer, E. A., & Ismaiel, M. M. S., 2017. Biochemical composition and antioxidant activities of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis in response to gamma irradiation. Food Chemistry214, 550– 555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.109
Soanen, N., Da Silva, E., Gardarin, C., Michaud, P., Laroche, C., 2016.Improvement of exopolysaccharide production by Porphyridium marinum. Bioresource Technology. 213, 231–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.075
Trabelsi, L., Chaieb, O., Mnari, A., Abid-Essafi, S., Aleya, L., 2016. Partial characterization and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of the aqueous extracellular polysaccharides from the thermophilic microalgae Graesiellas p. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 16, 2-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1198-6
Trabelsi, L., M’sakni, N. H., Ouada, H. B., Bacha, H., & Roudesli, S. 2009. Partial characterization of extracelular polysaccharides produced by cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 14, 27-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-008-0102-8.
Trabelsi, L., Ouada, H. Ben, & Bacha, H. 2009. Combined effect of temperature and light intensity on growth and extracellular polymeric substance production by the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis. Journal of Applied Phycology 21, 405–412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-008-9383-8
Villay, A., Laroche, C., Roriz, C., El Alaoui, H., Delbac, F., Michaud, P. 2013. Optimisation of culture parameters for exopolysaccharides production by the microalga Rhodella violácea. Bioresource Technology 146, 732-735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.030
Wingender, J., Neu, R. T., Flemming, H. C., 1999.Microbial Extracellular Polymeric Substances. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1, 1-19.
Xiao, R., Yang, X., Lic, M., Lia, X., Weib, Y., Caod, M., Ragauskasc, A., Thiesg, M., Dingg, J., Zhenga, Y. (2018). Investigation of composition, structure and bioactivity of extracellular polymeric substances from original and stress-induced strains of Thraustochytrium striatum. Carbohydrate Polymers195, 515-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.126
Zarrouk C (1966) Contribution à l’étuded’unecyanophycée. Influence de diversfacteurs physiques etchimiques sur la croissanceet la photosynthèse de Spirulina maxima Geitler. PhD Thesis, University of Paris.