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Health-related quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS: the role of social inequalities and disease-related factors
Fikadu Tadesse Nigusso
University of South Africa
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9295-3068
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.
Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) serves as a direct measure of individuals’ health, life expectancy and the impact that the utilization of health care has on quality of life. The purpose of this study is to assess the HRQoL of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and to ascertain its association with the social inequalities and clinical determinants among people living with HIV in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2016 and February 2017; 390 people at two referral hospitals and three health centers participated in the study. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Scale (PROMIS Global 10) was used to measure key HRQoL domains. Physical Health Summary (PHS) and Mental Health Summary (MHS) scores were employed. PHS and MHS scores below 50 (the standardized mean score) were determined to be poor and above 50 to be good. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with PHS and MHS scores.
Results: This study included 259 (66.4%) females and 131 (33.6%) males. The PHS scores ranged from 16.2 to 67.7 with a mean of 48.8 (SD = 8.9). Almost 44.6% of the study population has a PHS score of below 50; the MHS scores ranged from 28.4 to 67.6 with a mean of 50.8 (SD = 8.1). About 41.8% of the study population has an MHS score of below 50. Unemployment, household food insecurity and comorbidities with HIV were associated with both poor PHS and poor MHS scores. Age below 25 years and being a member of Christian fellowship were inversely associated with poor PHS. The least wealth index score and CD4 count below 350 cells/mL were also associated with poor MHS.
Conclusion: Overall, socioeconomic inequalities and HIV-related clinical factors play an important role in improving the HRQoL of PLWHA. Many of these determinants are alterable risk factors. Appropriate strategies can improve the holistic management of chronic HIV care and maximize PLWHAs’ HRQoL. Such strategies require the adoption of comprehensive interventions, including policies and programmes that would improve the health, wellbeing and livelihood of PLWHA.
Keywords
HIV/AIDS, quality of life, health-related quality of life, HRQoL, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), social inequalities
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 2
Posted 13 Jun, 2020
Published
On 25 Feb, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 13 Jan, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 26 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 18 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 09 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 08 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 08 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 30 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 07 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 24 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 22 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 08 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
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This preprint is under consideration at Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Health-related quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS: the role of social inequalities and disease-related factors
Fikadu Tadesse Nigusso
University of South Africa
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9295-3068
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 2
Posted 13 Jun, 2020
Published
On 25 Feb, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 13 Jan, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 26 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 18 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 09 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 08 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 08 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 30 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 07 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 24 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 22 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 08 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Health and Quality of Life Outcomes.
Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) serves as a direct measure of individuals’ health, life expectancy and the impact that the utilization of health care has on quality of life. The purpose of this study is to assess the HRQoL of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), and to ascertain its association with the social inequalities and clinical determinants among people living with HIV in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2016 and February 2017; 390 people at two referral hospitals and three health centers participated in the study. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Scale (PROMIS Global 10) was used to measure key HRQoL domains. Physical Health Summary (PHS) and Mental Health Summary (MHS) scores were employed. PHS and MHS scores below 50 (the standardized mean score) were determined to be poor and above 50 to be good. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with PHS and MHS scores.
Results: This study included 259 (66.4%) females and 131 (33.6%) males. The PHS scores ranged from 16.2 to 67.7 with a mean of 48.8 (SD = 8.9). Almost 44.6% of the study population has a PHS score of below 50; the MHS scores ranged from 28.4 to 67.6 with a mean of 50.8 (SD = 8.1). About 41.8% of the study population has an MHS score of below 50. Unemployment, household food insecurity and comorbidities with HIV were associated with both poor PHS and poor MHS scores. Age below 25 years and being a member of Christian fellowship were inversely associated with poor PHS. The least wealth index score and CD4 count below 350 cells/mL were also associated with poor MHS.
Conclusion: Overall, socioeconomic inequalities and HIV-related clinical factors play an important role in improving the HRQoL of PLWHA. Many of these determinants are alterable risk factors. Appropriate strategies can improve the holistic management of chronic HIV care and maximize PLWHAs’ HRQoL. Such strategies require the adoption of comprehensive interventions, including policies and programmes that would improve the health, wellbeing and livelihood of PLWHA.