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Research article
Effect of caudal ketamine on minimum local anesthetic concentration of ropivacaine in children: A prospective randomized trial
Ying-Jun She
Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-9500
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Background: Caudal ketamine has been shown to provide an effective and prolonged post-operative analgesia with few adverse effects. However, the effect of caudal ketamine on the minimum local anesthetic concentration (MLAC) of ropivacaine for intra-operative analgesia is unclear.
Methods: One hundred and sixty-nine children were randomized to five groups: Group C (caudal ropivacaine only), Group K 0.25 (caudal ropivacaine plus 0.25 mg/kg ketamine), Group K 0.5 (caudal ropivacaine plus 0.5 mg/kg ketamine), Group K 0.75 (caudal ropivacaine plus 0.75 mg/kg ketamine), and Group K 1.0 (caudal ropivacaine plus 1.0 mg/kg ketamine). The primary outcome was the MLAC values of ropivacaine with/without ketamine for caudal block.
Results: The MLAC values of ropivacaine were 0.128% (0.028%) in the control group, 0.112% (0.021%) in Group K 0.25 , 0.112% (0.018%) in Group K 0.5 , 0.110% (0.019%) in Group K 0.75 , and 0.110% (0.020%) in Group K 1.0 . There were no significant differences among the five groups for the MLAC values (p=0.11). During the post-operative period the mean durations of analgesia were 270, 381, 430, 494, and 591 min in the control, K 0.25 , K 0. 5 , K 0.75 , and K 1.0 groups respectively, which shown significant differences among the five groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Adding caudal ketamine to ropivacaine prolong the duration of post-operative analgesia; however, it does not decrease the MLAC of caudal ropivacaine for intra-operative analgesia in children.
Keywords
anesthesia, caudal, ketamine, ropivacaine, analgesia, anesthetic techniques
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
Version 2
Posted 02 Jan, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 27 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 08 Jan, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 03 Jan, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 03 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 25 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 25 Dec, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Nov, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 25 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 03 Sep, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Aug, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 02 Aug, 2019
Editor assigned
On 18 Jul, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 11 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 11 Jul, 2019
First submitted
On 02 Jul, 2019
Metrics
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PDF Downloads: ...
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Anesthesiology. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Effect of caudal ketamine on minimum local anesthetic concentration of ropivacaine in children: A prospective randomized trial
Ying-Jun She
Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-9500
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
Version 2
Posted 02 Jan, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 27 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 08 Jan, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 03 Jan, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 03 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 25 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 25 Dec, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Nov, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 25 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 20 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 03 Sep, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Aug, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 02 Aug, 2019
Editor assigned
On 18 Jul, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 11 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 11 Jul, 2019
First submitted
On 02 Jul, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Caudal ketamine has been shown to provide an effective and prolonged post-operative analgesia with few adverse effects. However, the effect of caudal ketamine on the minimum local anesthetic concentration (MLAC) of ropivacaine for intra-operative analgesia is unclear.
Methods: One hundred and sixty-nine children were randomized to five groups: Group C (caudal ropivacaine only), Group K 0.25 (caudal ropivacaine plus 0.25 mg/kg ketamine), Group K 0.5 (caudal ropivacaine plus 0.5 mg/kg ketamine), Group K 0.75 (caudal ropivacaine plus 0.75 mg/kg ketamine), and Group K 1.0 (caudal ropivacaine plus 1.0 mg/kg ketamine). The primary outcome was the MLAC values of ropivacaine with/without ketamine for caudal block.
Results: The MLAC values of ropivacaine were 0.128% (0.028%) in the control group, 0.112% (0.021%) in Group K 0.25 , 0.112% (0.018%) in Group K 0.5 , 0.110% (0.019%) in Group K 0.75 , and 0.110% (0.020%) in Group K 1.0 . There were no significant differences among the five groups for the MLAC values (p=0.11). During the post-operative period the mean durations of analgesia were 270, 381, 430, 494, and 591 min in the control, K 0.25 , K 0. 5 , K 0.75 , and K 1.0 groups respectively, which shown significant differences among the five groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Adding caudal ketamine to ropivacaine prolong the duration of post-operative analgesia; however, it does not decrease the MLAC of caudal ropivacaine for intra-operative analgesia in children.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3