3.1 General Information about data: Following table no. 1 shows the general information about the data under study. From 2002 to 2021 total of 1068 documents, from the contributing 314 different sources with 18379 global citations were found under the topic of organic farming. A total of 3203 authors contributed to the research of organic farming for two decades (2002–2021). The single-authored records count was 39. Various document types reporting research on organic farming in India include a total of 959 articles,11 early access articles, 9 conference proceeding papers, 3 editorial materials, 2 letters, 78 research reviews, and 6 book chapters. All records retrieved were published in the English language.
Table No. 1 General Information:
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT DATA: |
Timespan | 2002:2021 |
Sources (Journals, Books, etc.) | 314 |
Documents | 1068 |
Avg. Annual Growth Rate (%) | 4.19 |
Document Average Age | 7.29 |
Global Citation Score | 18379 |
Average citations per document | 17.20 |
References | 41562 |
AUTHORS: |
Authors | 3203 |
Authors of single-authored docs | 45 |
AUTHORS COLLABORATION: |
Single-authored documents | 45 |
Avg. Co-Authors per document | 5.05 |
International co-authorships share (%) | 20.11 |
DOCUMENT TYPES IN RESEARCH: |
Research Article | 959 |
Research Article (early access) | 11 |
Conference Proceedings Paper | 9 |
Editorial Material | 3 |
Letter | 2 |
Research Review | 78 |
Book Chapter | 6 |
| Total = 1068 |
3.2 Research Yield of Organic Farming Research: In the annual research yield sections, the research productivity of organic farming research is depicted in following Table No. 2 & Fig No. 1. In starting years research count seems low 10–20 papers per year. Research productivity plot shows growth in research after years 2006-07 (3–4%). Mean total citation score per record seen high in the early years due to citing years period is comparative long as compared to recent years, e.g., During 2002–2010 Mean total citation score per record is between 10–40 citations, but when considered recent years 2015–2021 it seems low which is 3–20. Research productivity shows exponential growth in the plot after the years 2016–2017.
Table No.2 Annual Scientific Production of Organic Farming Research:
Sr. No. | Publication Year | Records | Percent | TLCS | TGCS | Mean TC/Rec | Mean TC/Yr | Cit_Yrs |
1 | 2002 | 11 | 1 | 4 | 246 | 22.36 | 1.12 | 20 |
2 | 2003 | 14 | 1.3 | 22 | 587 | 41.93 | 2.21 | 19 |
3 | 2004 | 11 | 1 | 17 | 147 | 13.36 | 0.74 | 18 |
4 | 2005 | 24 | 2.2 | 39 | 749 | 31.21 | 1.84 | 17 |
5 | 2006 | 21 | 2 | 13 | 608 | 28.95 | 1.81 | 16 |
6 | 2007 | 37 | 3.5 | 63 | 1374 | 37.14 | 2.48 | 15 |
7 | 2008 | 46 | 4.3 | 45 | 819 | 17.80 | 1.27 | 14 |
8 | 2009 | 42 | 3.9 | 30 | 1463 | 34.83 | 2.68 | 13 |
9 | 2010 | 39 | 3.7 | 47 | 756 | 19.38 | 1.62 | 12 |
10 | 2011 | 48 | 4.5 | 37 | 1099 | 22.90 | 2.08 | 11 |
11 | 2012 | 59 | 5.5 | 71 | 1243 | 21.07 | 2.11 | 10 |
12 | 2013 | 56 | 5.2 | 35 | 1130 | 20.18 | 2.24 | 9 |
13 | 2014 | 62 | 5.8 | 71 | 2211 | 35.66 | 4.46 | 8 |
14 | 2015 | 57 | 5.3 | 31 | 1091 | 19.14 | 2.73 | 7 |
15 | 2016 | 63 | 5.9 | 37 | 880 | 13.97 | 2.33 | 6 |
16 | 2017 | 71 | 6.6 | 44 | 1469 | 20.69 | 4.14 | 5 |
17 | 2018 | 59 | 5.5 | 28 | 623 | 10.56 | 2.64 | 4 |
18 | 2019 | 84 | 7.9 | 16 | 700 | 8.33 | 2.78 | 3 |
19 | 2020 | 102 | 9.8 | 15 | 630 | 6.18 | 3.09 | 2 |
20 | 2021 | 162 | 15.1 | 4 | 554 | 3.42 | 3.42 | 1 |
| Total | 1068 | 100 | 669 | 18379 | -- | -- | 20 Years |
Table No.3 Annual Growth Pattern in Research Productivity (Organic Farming: 2002–2021)
Year | Rec Freq. | % of Contribution |
2002–2006 | 81 | 7.58 |
2007–2011 | 212 | 19.85 |
2012–2016 | 297 | 27.81 |
2017–2021 | 478 | 44.76 |
Total | 1068 | 100.00 |
3.3 Most relevant authors for contributing to the research of organic farming: This section depicts the most relevant authors that contributed to organic farming research during the last two decades. The following table explains the top ten productive researchers of organic farming research. Kumar A is the most contributing author with 46 records and 779 global citations, Singh R is second on the list with 29 records and 459 global citations, and Kumar S and Singh AK both are at third number in the list with 26 records and 131 global citations. Average Global Citation Score per year (TGCS/t) was analyzed for prolific authors. Accordingly, Kumar A (TGCS/t:109) stands top of the ranking. Subsequently, Lal R (TGCS/t: 99) is second in the ranking, Singh S (TGCS/t: 75) in the third position, Singh R (TGCS/t: 72) in the fourth position, and Bhattacharyya P (TGCS/t: 69) is at fifth position in the ranking of prolific authors considering Global Citations gained over time.
Table No. 4: Most Productive Authors in Organic Farming Research (2002–2021)
Sr. No. | Author | Records | Percent | TLCS | TLCS/t | TGCS | TGCS/t | TGCS/t Ranking |
1 | Kumar A | 46 | 4.3 | 44 | 5.06 | 779 | 109.29 | 1 |
2 | Singh R | 29 | 2.7 | 20 | 3.53 | 459 | 72.38 | 4 |
3 | Kumar S | 26 | 2.4 | 2 | 0.13 | 131 | 20.93 | 10 |
4 | Singh AK | 26 | 2.4 | 40 | 3.69 | 547 | 56.7 | 6 |
5 | Bhattacharyya P | 22 | 2.1 | 23 | 2.62 | 673 | 69.59 | 5 |
6 | Lal R | 22 | 2.1 | 34 | 4.42 | 713 | 99.22 | 2 |
7 | Singh S | 21 | 2 | 10 | 0.82 | 251 | 74.89 | 3 |
8 | Das A | 19 | 1.8 | 34 | 4.03 | 238 | 35.26 | 7 |
9 | Singh A | 17 | 1.6 | 2 | 0.39 | 95 | 21.45 | 9 |
10 | Yadav GS | 17 | 1.6 | 11 | 1.84 | 123 | 30.55 | 8 |
3.4 Major contributing sources: Following table no.5 depicts the most relevant contributing sources like journal publisher outlets. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science is at the top of the list of top contributing sources with 98 records and a global citation score of 305 citations (CPP = 3). The second top source on the list is Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis which is published by Taylor and Francis Ltd., This journal has contributed 55 research records with 368 global citations (CPP = 7). The Journal of Legume Research is the third top source with 32 contributed records and 49 global citation score (CPP = 2). The fourth major contributing source on the list is the Journal of Plant Nutrition with 29 records and 198 global citation score (CPP = 7). If this list ranked up all the major contributing sources according to the CPP then the top sources will be sequenced as 1) Agricultural Ecosystems and Environment (CPP = 48), 2) Field Crops Research (CPP = 45), 3) Soil and Tillage Research (CPP = 44), and 4) Environment Monitoring and Assessment; Sustainability (both CPP = 20).
Table No. 5: Major Contributing Source Outlets (Organic Farming: 2002–2021)
Sr. No. | Journal Name | Publisher/ Origin | Impact Factor/ NAAS (2020) | Records | TLCS | TGCS | CPP |
1 | Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences | ICAR, New Delhi, IN. | 5.17 (NAAS) | 98 | 52 | 305 | 3 |
2 | Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis | Taylor and Francis Ltd., Oxfordshire, UK. | 1.327 (IF) | 55 | 33 | 368 | 7 |
3 | Legume Research | ARCC, Karnal, Haryana, IN. | 6.59 (NAAS) | 32 | 6 | 49 | 2 |
4 | Journal of Plant Nutrition | Taylor and Francis Ltd., Oxfordshire, UK. | 1.707 (IF) | 29 | 19 | 198 | 7 |
5 | Soil & Tillage Research | Elsevier B.V., NX Amsterdam, NL. | 7.366 (IF) | 27 | 48 | 1184 | 44 |
6 | Research on Crops | Gaurav Pub. Ltd., Hisar, Haryana, IN | 1.06 (IF) | 26 | 1 | 17 | 1 |
7 | Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science | Taylor and Francis Ltd., Oxfordshire, UK. | 3.092(IF) | 25 | 16 | 192 | 8 |
8 | Current Science | Indian Academy of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN | 1.102 (IF) | 24 | 53 | 587 | 24 |
9 | Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment | Elsevier B.V., NX Amsterdam, NL. | 4.241(IF) | 18 | 39 | 868 | 48 |
10 | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | Springer, Dordrecht, NL. | 2.513 (IF) | 16 | 6 | 321 | 20 |
11 | Indian Journal of Horticulture | IAHS, New Delhi, IN | 6.16 (NAAS) | 15 | 4 | 23 | 2 |
12 | Field Crops Research | Elsevier B.V., NX Amsterdam, NL. | 6.145 (IF) | 11 | 24 | 497 | 45 |
13 | Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge | CSIR-NIScPR, New Delhi, IN. | 1.091 (IF) | 11 | 4 | 37 | 3 |
14 | Journal of Sustainable Agriculture | John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey, US. | 1.636 (IF) | 11 | 2 | 107 | 10 |
15 | Sustainability | MDPI, Basel, Switzerland | 3.251(IF) | 11 | 4 | 219 | 20 |
Following Fig illustrates the share of major contributing sources in the research of organic farming during the period 2002–2021.
3.5 Most contributing institutes: This section describes major contributing academic and research institutes that contributed to organic farming research from 2002 to 2021. The table shows ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute is at the top of the list with 152 published records and 2492 global citation score. The second institute to contribute to research is Punjab Agricultural University with 56 published research records and 989 global citation scores. The third top institute on the list is Banaras Hindu University with 43 published records and 689 global citation score. Subsequently, the fourth institute is ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region (ICAR RC NEH) with 40 research records and 335 global citation score.
Table No. 5: Major Contributing Academic/ Research Institutes (Organic Farming: 2002–2021)
Sr. No. | Affiliation | Articles | Percent | TLCS | TGCS | CPP |
1 | ICAR Indian Agricultural Research Institute | 152 | 14 | 112 | 2492 | 16 |
2 | Punjab Agricultural University | 56 | 5 | 35 | 989 | 18 |
3 | Banaras Hindu University | 43 | 4 | 16 | 689 | 16 |
4 | ICAR RC NEH | 40 | 4 | 42 | 335 | 8 |
5 | CCS Haryana Agricultural University | 31 | 3 | 15 | 328 | 11 |
6 | ICAR Indian Institute Soil Science | 31 | 3 | 27 | 128 | 4 |
7 | Tamil Nadu Agricultural University | 29 | 3 | 17 | 334 | 12 |
8 | International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) | 27 | 3 | 27 | 553 | 20 |
9 | Ohio State University | 27 | 3 | 41 | 869 | 32 |
10 | Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya | 26 | 2 | 36 | 244 | 9 |
By considering CPP from major contributing institutes, then the rank list will be drawn as: 1. Ohio State University (CPP = 32), 2. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) (CPP = 20), 3. Punjab Agricultural University (CPP = 18), 4. ICAR Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Banaras Hindu University (CPP = 16) 5. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (CPP = 12), 6. Chaudhari Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CPP = 11), 7. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (CPP = 9), 8. ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region (CPP = 8), and 9. ICAR Indian Institute Soil Science (CPP = 4).
3.6 Major contributing countries and co-authorship in organic farming research: As a predefined study area, the List shows that India is having the highest number of contributed records i.e. 1059 records with 17979 global citations. The second most contributing country in organic farming research is the USA with 72 records with 3529 common global citations in their account. Third country to contribute the organic farming research is Australia with 40 published documents 645 global citation score.
Table No. 6. Major Contributing Countries in organic farming research (2002–2021)
Sr. No. | Country | Records | Percent | TLCS | TGCS | CPP |
1 | India | 1059 | 99.2 | 661 | 17971 | 17 |
2 | USA | 72 | 6.7 | 87 | 3529 | 49 |
3 | Australia | 40 | 3.7 | 17 | 645 | 16 |
4 | China | 21 | 2 | 1 | 891 | 42 |
5 | Germany | 20 | 1.9 | 5 | 740 | 37 |
6 | UK | 17 | 1.6 | 9 | 1302 | 77 |
7 | Switzerland | 13 | 1.2 | 4 | 142 | 11 |
8 | Bangladesh | 12 | 1.1 | 3 | 135 | 11 |
9 | Netherlands | 12 | 1.1 | 3 | 673 | 56 |
10 | Canada | 11 | 1 | 3 | 325 | 30 |
3.7 Research trend-dynamics in organic farming research: The following Fig. 6 shows the trend dynamics of research trends in the topic of organic farming research. There are various keywords and terms the researchers in the research organic farming during the specific time-span specifically use that. As seen through word map prepared using Biblioshiny ‘Greenhouse gas emission’ is the most recent (2020-21) trend topic/keyword in organic farming research. Subsequently ‘Land Use’ and ‘Conservation Agriculture’ terms are trending during the period of 2017–2021. Terms physical properties, No tillage and carbon sequestration were trending topics in the period of 2016–2020. And during the starting period of defined study timespan terms- ‘Trace Elements’ during the period 2007–2014, term ‘Cultivation’ during the period 2010–2016 and term ‘Phosphorus’ during the period 2010–2020 were most trending terms/keywords in the research of organic farming.