The study included 37 patients diagnosed with COVID–19, out of which 13 (35.1%) patients had a clear history of exposure to Wuhan, and the 24 patients were imported second-generation cases. The average age of the patients was 45.76±13.1 years and the maximum age was 82 years. The gender representation of the patients was 56.8% male and 43.2% female. The average duration of pharyngeal swabs was 20.65±6.7 days. Four (10.8%) patients were asymptomatic who were all females and the duration of nucleic acid positive in asymptomatic infections was 11–35 days (table 1).
Nucleic acid positive time calculation method: first nucleic acid positive time to second nucleic acid negative time (Diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia in China (Trial version 6)).
Elevated admission lactate was reported in 33 (89.1%) patients, 17 (45.9%) patients had elevated Fib-C, and 5 (13.5%) had elevated D-dimers. Based on the new coronavirus-specific antibodies (Using the colloidal gold method, Guangzhou Wanfu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., production license number: 20030645), a total of 33(4 patients did not do this test) cases were tested, out of which 29 (87.9%) tested positive and 4 (10.8%) were positive for stool nucleic acid (Table 2).
During hospitalization, screening of all the patients for influenza A virus (H1N1, H3N2), influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus antigen/antibody was performed. All the patients tested negative for all the above viruses but showed lung consolidation. Patients with significantly elevated infection parameters had a sputum culture. Only 1 (2.7%) of the patients had developed Klebsiella pneumonia with no history of concomitant disease. However, the patient improved after antibiotic treatment (Table 3).
Among all the COVID–19 confirmed patients, 35 (94.6%) patients were treated with alpha-interferon nebulization combined with abidol or lopinavir/ritonavir antiviral therapy. A total of 12 (32.4%) patients were treated with Abidol and 23 (62.2%) patients with lopinavir/ritonavir. Elevated infection parameters (leukocyte, C-reactive protein, or calcitonin source) or positive sputum culture were reported in 7 (18.9%) patients. For patients with lower lymphocytes and longer nucleic acid positive duration, human immunoglobulin 10g/d was administered for 3–5 days. Only a few patients experienced a transient increase in transaminase and poor appetite during antiviral treatment. Since COVID–19 is a new infectious disease with the rapid transmission, psychological intervention is also necessary for some patients who may develop anxiety and depression. A total of 4 (10.8%) patients received the psychological intervention (table 4).
By comparing the number of cloudy days of nucleic acid in patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir and abidol, it was found that P>0.05, neither of which was statistically significant (table 5).
Typical imaging features from one of the patients with diabetes and the new coronavirus pneumonia were collected(Figure 1). At the onset, the ground-glass opacity of both lungs progressed rapidly and gradually changed. This suggested an increase in exudation in both lungs, reaching a peak of exudation at about 15 days. The entire course of this patient’s covid–19 was 2 months.