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Variation in Anopheles distribution and predictors of malaria infection risk across regions of Madagascar
Nicholas Arisco
Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7794-3424
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Malaria Journal.
Background Deforestation and land use change is widespread in Madagascar, altering local ecosystems and creating opportunities for disease vectors, such as the Anopheles mosquito, to proliferate and more easily reach vulnerable, rural populations. Knowledge of risk factors associated with malaria infections is growing globally, but these associations remain understudied across Madagascar’s diverse ecosystems experiencing rapid environmental change. This study aims to uncover socioeconomic, demographic, and ecological risk factors for malaria infection across regions through analysis of a large, cross-sectional dataset.
Methods The objectives were to assess(1) the ecological correlates of malaria vector breeding through larval surveys, and (2) the socioeconomic, demographic, and ecological risk factors for malaria infection in four ecologically distinct regions of rural Madagascar. Risk factors were determined using multilevel models for the four regions included in the study.
Results The presence of aquatic agriculture (both within and surrounding communities) is the strongest predictive factor of habitats containing Anopheles larvae across all regions. Ecological and socioeconomic risk factors for malaria infection vary dramatically across study regions and range in their complexity.
Conclusions Risk factors for malaria transmission differ dramatically across regions of Madagascar. These results may help stratifying current malaria control efforts in Madagascar beyond the scope of existing interventions.
Keywords
land use change, planetary health, disease ecology, vector-borne disease, malaria
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 3
Posted 17 Sep, 2020
Published
On 29 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 18 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 14 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 13 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 12 Jun, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 07 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 21 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 30 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 29 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 23 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 22 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 22 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 21 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
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This preprint is under consideration at Malaria Journal. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Variation in Anopheles distribution and predictors of malaria infection risk across regions of Madagascar
Nicholas Arisco
Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7794-3424
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 3
Posted 17 Sep, 2020
Published
On 29 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 18 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 14 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 13 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 12 Jun, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 07 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 21 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 30 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 29 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 23 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 22 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 22 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 21 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Malaria Journal.
Background Deforestation and land use change is widespread in Madagascar, altering local ecosystems and creating opportunities for disease vectors, such as the Anopheles mosquito, to proliferate and more easily reach vulnerable, rural populations. Knowledge of risk factors associated with malaria infections is growing globally, but these associations remain understudied across Madagascar’s diverse ecosystems experiencing rapid environmental change. This study aims to uncover socioeconomic, demographic, and ecological risk factors for malaria infection across regions through analysis of a large, cross-sectional dataset.
Methods The objectives were to assess(1) the ecological correlates of malaria vector breeding through larval surveys, and (2) the socioeconomic, demographic, and ecological risk factors for malaria infection in four ecologically distinct regions of rural Madagascar. Risk factors were determined using multilevel models for the four regions included in the study.
Results The presence of aquatic agriculture (both within and surrounding communities) is the strongest predictive factor of habitats containing Anopheles larvae across all regions. Ecological and socioeconomic risk factors for malaria infection vary dramatically across study regions and range in their complexity.
Conclusions Risk factors for malaria transmission differ dramatically across regions of Madagascar. These results may help stratifying current malaria control efforts in Madagascar beyond the scope of existing interventions.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3