Over the years, the construction industry in Zambia has been rapidly growing and this has resulted in shortages of some construction materials. One such material is River Sand, which is used as a fine aggregate in concrete production. This has resulted increased use of quarry dust as a substitute to river sand, as a fine aggregate. However, no guidelines exist on the replacement of River Sand in concrete production. There is a clear depletion of river sand sources and degrading of river banks. This in turn has led to river bank erosion, triggering environmental problems such deepening of the river beds, loss of vegetation on the river banks, disturbance of aquatic life and agricultural activities, as well as posing a danger to river crossing infrastructure such as culverts and bridges. Two studies were conducted at the University of Zambia: aComparative Study of Concretes Produced by Natural Fine Aggregate and Quarry Dust, and, Partial Substitution of Quarry Dust as a Fine Aggregate in Concrete Production in Zambia. The first study aimed at making recommendations on the full replacement of river sand with quarry dust in concrete production whilst the second focused at determining suitable partial substitution of quarry dust in the production of concrete. It was established that Quarry Dust offered some advantages such as; better gradation and higher rate of compressive strength gain compared with river sand. This can offer advantages like speeding up repair and maintenance works. Further, from the second study, a 50% substitution of river sand in the fine aggregate produced the best results.