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Research Article
Hyun Ja Lim
University of Saskatchewan
Corresponding Author
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Background: Depression and anxiety are common mental health conditions for elderly population. Understanding the trajectory developments of them will help us implementing treatments and interventions.
Aims: This study aims to identify depression and anxiety trajectories in the elderly, evaluate the interrelationship of these conditions, and recognize trajectory-predicting characteristics.
Methods: Group-based dual trajectory modeling (GBDTM) was applied to the data of 3,983 individuals, aged 65 years or older who participated in the Korean Health Panel Study between 2008 and 2015. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between characteristics and trajectory groups.
Results: Four trajectory groups from GBDTM were identified in both the depression and anxiety outcomes. Depression has: “low-flat (87.0%)”, “low-to-middle (8.8%)”, “low-to-high (1.3%)” and “high-stable (2.8%)” trajectory groups. Anxiety has: “low-flat (92.5%)”, “low-to-middle (4.7%)”, “high-to-low (2.2%)” and “high-curve (0.6%)” trajectory groups. Interrelationship between depression and anxiety were identified. Members of the high-stable depression group were more likely to have “high-to-low” or “high-curved” anxiety trajectories. Female sex, the presence of more than three chronic diseases, and having income generating activity were significant factors in depression and anxiety.
Conclusions: Dual trajectory analysis of depression and anxiety in older adults shows that when one condition is present, the probability of the other is increased. Sex, having more chronic disease, and income generating activity might be at increased risks for both depression and anxiety. Health policy decision-makers can use our findings in developing strategies for prevention of both depression and anxiety in older adults.
Keywords
depressive disorder, trajectory, anxiety, longitudinal studies, elderly
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No competing interests reported.
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Geriatrics. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Hyun Ja Lim
University of Saskatchewan
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 03 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Review #8 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #14 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #18 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #6 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #17 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #13 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #7 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #15 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #11 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #4 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Review #19 received
Received 18 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #17 agreed
On 09 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #21 agreed
On 09 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #14 agreed
On 09 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #7 agreed
On 09 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #22 agreed
On 09 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #8 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #20 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #26 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #30 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #12 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #18 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #29 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #13 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #25 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #10 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #19 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #9 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #27 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #23 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #11 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #16 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #31 agreed
On 28 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 24 Feb, 2021
Editor assigned
On 24 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 24 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 24 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 21 Feb, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Geriatrics & Gerontology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Depression and anxiety are common mental health conditions for elderly population. Understanding the trajectory developments of them will help us implementing treatments and interventions.
Aims: This study aims to identify depression and anxiety trajectories in the elderly, evaluate the interrelationship of these conditions, and recognize trajectory-predicting characteristics.
Methods: Group-based dual trajectory modeling (GBDTM) was applied to the data of 3,983 individuals, aged 65 years or older who participated in the Korean Health Panel Study between 2008 and 2015. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between characteristics and trajectory groups.
Results: Four trajectory groups from GBDTM were identified in both the depression and anxiety outcomes. Depression has: “low-flat (87.0%)”, “low-to-middle (8.8%)”, “low-to-high (1.3%)” and “high-stable (2.8%)” trajectory groups. Anxiety has: “low-flat (92.5%)”, “low-to-middle (4.7%)”, “high-to-low (2.2%)” and “high-curve (0.6%)” trajectory groups. Interrelationship between depression and anxiety were identified. Members of the high-stable depression group were more likely to have “high-to-low” or “high-curved” anxiety trajectories. Female sex, the presence of more than three chronic diseases, and having income generating activity were significant factors in depression and anxiety.
Conclusions: Dual trajectory analysis of depression and anxiety in older adults shows that when one condition is present, the probability of the other is increased. Sex, having more chronic disease, and income generating activity might be at increased risks for both depression and anxiety. Health policy decision-makers can use our findings in developing strategies for prevention of both depression and anxiety in older adults.
Figure 1
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