Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignant tumors worldwide. Despite the tremendous achievements made in surgery, chemotherapy, and biotherapy in recent years, about 700, 000 patients still die from colorectal cancer each year, due to the lack of early diagnosis and tumor metastasis and recurrence.12 Therefore, in-depth research on the mechanism of the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer is expected to make a breakthrough in the early diagnosis, metastasis and targeted therapy of tumors.
Non-coding RNA plays a broad and powerful regulatory role in cells. In recent years, with the progress of research, it has been confirmed that it plays an important role in the process of tumorigenesis and development, and becomes a hot spot in recent years.13, 14 RNA that exceeds 200nt in length is called long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). LncRNA has obvious spatial and temporal specificity and tissue specificity. Previous reports have shown that lncRNA plays an important role in many physiological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation.15–17 In recent years, with the deepening of the research on the mechanism of tumorigenesis and development, the abnormal expression of lncRNA in various tumors has been discovered, indicating that it plays an important role in the process of tumorigenesis and development, and may provide new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.18–20
In this study, through high-throughput chip technology, combined with bioinformatics analysis methods, to find differentially expressed lncRNA in colorectal cancer and adjacent tissues, we found 460 differentially expressed lncRNA (change factor ≥ 2, p ≤ 0.05). Through functional enrichment analysis of the co-expressed mRNA, it was found that the co-expressed mRNA function of these differentially expressed lncRNAs was mostly related to tumor-related signaling pathways, indicating that these differentially expressed lncRNAs may play an important role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.
We selected lncRNA-ENST00000513396 with obvious differential expression as the research object. Through functional enrichment of its co-expressed mRNA, it was found to be related to multiple tumors signaling pathways. At the same time, we verified in clinical samples and found that it is the highest expressed in tumor tissues, so we determined ENST00000513396 as the research object to further study its function and mechanism of action. We constructed the overexpression and knockout plasmids of ENST00000513396. in vitro experiments, it was found that after overexpression of ENST00000513396, the proliferation of cells was accelerated, and the proliferation rate of colorectal cancer cells that knocked down the expression of ENST00000513396 decreased, suggesting that overexpression of ENST00000513396 can promote tumor proliferation in vitro. Cell scratch experiments and Transwell cell experiments showed that overexpression of ENST00000513396 can improve the ability of tumor cells to migrate and invade, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. In summary, ENST00000513396 can promote the proliferation of tumor cells and increase the ability of tumor cells to invade and migrate. Therefore, ENST00000513396 may play an important role in the development of colorectal cancer.
Although this subject studied the function of ENST00000513396 in vitro, it has not been verified in vivo and the relationship between it and the prognosis of clinical patients has not been studied, which needs further improvement. It is essential to continue to explore the key molecules and signaling pathways that affect the ability of colorectal cancer to proliferate, migrate and invade, and work hard to study new diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Therefore, this will be the direction of our further discussion.
This subject systematically analyzes the abnormal expression of lncRNA in colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, and takes ENST00000513396 as the research object to elaborate its impact on cell function, providing a theory for its use as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for colorectal cancer basis.