Characteristic, Electrical and Optical Properties of Potassium Borate (KB5O8·4H2O) Hydrothermally Synthesised from Different Boron Sources

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-312150/v1

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Characteristic, Electrical and Optical Properties of Potassium Borate (KB5O8·4H2O) Hydrothermally Synthesised from Different Boron Sources

https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-312150/v1

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Potassium borate was hydrothermally synthesized from various of boron minerals (H₃BO₃, B₂O₃, Na₂B₄O₇·5H₂O and Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O) at reaction conditions of 90 − 60°C and 120 − 15 min. The synthesised potassium borate was identified as “Santite (KB₅O₈·4H₂O)” in X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analyses results. The specific band values between B and O atoms were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and Raman Spectroscopies. Multiangular particles were generally observed in the range of 234.94 nm − 3.41 µm. The use of different boron sources may affect the morphology. Higher reaction yields were determined in the use of boric acid (H₃BO₃). Optical absorption of potassium borate minerals was approximately 340 nm. AC and DC electrical properties of materials were determined by using current-voltage and capacitance voltage characteristics. Electrical resistivities of DC were found in the range of 4.17×10⁸ – 4.07×10¹⁰ Ω.cm, whereas dielectric constants of AC were between 2×10⁵ and 2×10⁶.

Polymer Science

Chemical Engineering

Civil Engineering

electrical properties

potassium borate

optical properties

synthesis

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Table 1. Amount of raw materials that were used in the synthesis of potassium borates

Raw material*	mole
Raw material*	Set 1	Set 2	Set 3	Set 4	Set 5	Set 6
KN	0.0216	0.0185	0.0210	0.0210	0.0210	0.0210
N	0.0216	0.0185	-	-	-	-
H	0.1294	-	0.0842	-	0.0630	-
B	-	0.0646	-	0.0420	-	0.0525
T	-	-	0.0105	0.0105	-	-
Bx	-	-	-	-	0.0105	0.0105
K:B ratio (mole/mole)	6	7	6	6	5	7

KN: KNO₃, N: NaOH, H: H₃BO₃, B: B₂O₃, T: Na₂B₄O₇·5H₂O, Bx: Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O

Table 2. XRD results and crystallographic data of the raw materials used and produced potassium borate

Compound	Pdf code	Mineral name	Mineral formula	Crystal system [Space Gr./No.]	a (Å), b (Å), c (Å) [α (°), β (°), γ (°)]
KN	00-005-0377	Nitre	KNO₃	Orthorhombic [Pmcn/62]	5.41, 9.16, 6.43 [90.0, 90.0, 90.0]
H	01-073-2158	Sassolite	H₃BO₃	Anorthic [P-1/2]	7.04, 7.05, 6.58 [92.6, 101.2, 119.8]
B	00-006-0297	Boron oxide	B₂O₃	Cubic [P E]	10.06, 10.06, 10.06 [90.0, 90.0, 90.0]
T	00-007-0277	Tincalconite	Na₂B₄O₇·5H₂O	Rhombohedral [R-3/148]	11.12, 11.12, 21.20 [90.0, 90.0, 120.0]
Bx	01-075-1078	Borax	Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O	Monoclinic [C2/c]	11.89, 10.65, 12.21 [90.0, 106.6, 90.0]
KB	01-072-1688	Santite	KB₅O₈·4H₂O	Orthorhombic [Aba2/41]	11.06, 11.18, 9.04 [90.0, 90.0, 90.0]

Table 1 XRD scores of the potassium borates synthesized from different raw materials

Reaction Temperature (°C)	Reaction Time (min)	Set 1 (KN-N-H)	Set 2 (KN-N-B)	Set 3 (KN-T-H)	Set 4 (KN-T-B)	Set 5 (KN-Bx-H)	Set 6 (KN-Bx-B)
60	15	42	53	64	63	64	63
60	30	60	60	69	53	69	47
60	60	75	72	77	56	71	61
60	120	69	65	76	61	62	69
70	15	57	61	59	60	68	62
70	30	60	46	64	69	69	58
70	60	61	65	68	64	70	66
70	120	72	65	65	59	72	53
80	15	57	53	56	58	68	68
80	30	45	65	60	65	61	72
80	60	74	33	75	67	71	69
80	120	55	62	60	60	61	67
90	15	50	51	67	60	68	71
90	30	52	65	50	62	60	62
90	60	72	62	70	64	70	56
90	120	71	65	51	49	69	66

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Characteristic, Electrical and Optical Properties of Potassium Borate (KB5O8·4H2O) Hydrothermally Synthesised from Different Boron Sources

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