The scope of the study was limited to one government state university VTU (Visvesvaraya Technological University) Belagavi and one private deemed to be a university MAHE (Manipal Academy of Higher Education) Manipal. The following data and findings are collected for 5 years (that is 2018-2022) from the most demanded bibliographic database, which is a product of Elsevier Scopus.
4.1 Total research output by both Organization during year 2018-2022
The following table shows the total research document published during the year 2018 to 2022
Fig 4.1: Year wise publication during year 2018-2022
According to the Figure 4.1, which illustrates the publication of both organizations year by year, in 2022, VTU published 969 research publications and MAHE published 3233. In contrast, research documents VTU 980 and MAHE 2746 were published in 2021.
4.2 Most preferred source type to publish the Research paper during 2018-2022
VTU
|
MAHE
|
|
Sources
|
No. of Publications
|
% of Publication
|
No. of Publications
|
% of Publication
|
|
|
Journal
|
2584
|
69
|
11311
|
91
|
|
Conference Proceedings
|
710
|
19
|
645
|
5
|
|
Book Series
|
398
|
11
|
273
|
2
|
|
Book
|
55
|
1
|
149
|
1
|
|
Trade Journals
|
5
|
0.13
|
5
|
0.04
|
|
TOTAL
|
3752
|
|
12383
|
|
|
Table 4.2: Most preferred source type to publish the Research paper during 2018-2022
Fig 4.2: Most Preferred sources & % type to Publish VTU & MAHE
According to Das and Ghosh (2020), the majority of UPES publications from the years 2004 to 2018 that are included in SCOPUS databases are journal article articles, with 659 publications (49.96%) followed by 505 publications (38.28%) for conference papers.
4.3 Number of publications comparison:
Fig 4.3: Publications % of both institutions (MAHE & VTU)
It is clearly visible that the total number of publications by both these premier institutions in which majority 70% is by MAHE and only 16% by VTU in journals publications, whereas in other type of sources both these institutes are publishing hand in hand.
4.4 To know the top 10 authors of both institution
The following tables show the top 10 authors of both organizations. VTU, Belagavi
Sl.No
|
Author Name
|
Total Documents Published
|
1
|
Afzal A
|
176
|
2
|
Shetti, N.P
|
81
|
3
|
Rangappa D
|
63
|
4
|
Nagabhushana H
|
44
|
5
|
Malode, S J
|
41
|
6
|
Reddy, K.R
|
39
|
7
|
Soudagar, M E.M
|
38
|
8
|
Venugopal, K.R
|
38
|
9
|
Kulkarni,R.M
|
37
|
10
|
Khan, S.A
|
34
|
Table 4.4.1: The top 10 authors of the VTU, Belagavi
Fig 4.4.1: The top 10 authors of the VTU, Belagavi
MAHE, Manipal
Sl.No
|
Author Name
|
Total Documents Published
|
1
|
Jha, V
|
135
|
2
|
Naik.N
|
125
|
3
|
Girisha, K.M
|
115
|
4
|
Satyamoorthy, K
|
114
|
5
|
Unnikrishnana, B
|
106
|
6
|
Mutalik, S
|
104
|
7
|
Kamath,A
|
97
|
8
|
Manchaiah, V
|
94
|
9
|
Pandey, A
|
92
|
10
|
Shukla, A
|
86
|
Table 4.4.2: The top 10 authors of the MAHE, Manipal
Fig 4.4.2: The top 10 authors of the MAHE, Manipal
This comparison also reveals that the highest publication by a VTU author and the second- highest publication have a significant difference in terms of the number of publications, 93 versus only 10 in the case of MAHE. This difference in numbers demonstrates that the institute's entire research output is produced, which is why MAHE publications are more when compared to VTU publications over the five-year period from 2018 to 2022.
4.5 Growth pattern of research publications during Pandemic
The calculation of Annual Growth Rate (AGR) will provide the clear indication of the COVID- 19 pandemic effect on the overall publications of the institute. Gupta & Pandey (2019) have studied the growth trends in terms of research publication in various forms continuously. The AGR was calculated using the following formula:
AGR = End Value – First Value X 100
First Value
VTU, Belagavi
|
MAHE, Manipal
|
Year
|
No. of Publication
|
AGR
|
No. of Publication
|
AGR
|
2018
|
459
|
|
1899
|
|
2019
|
600
|
30.7
|
2154
|
13.4
|
2020
|
744
|
24
|
2351
|
9.1
|
2021
|
980
|
31.7
|
2746
|
16.8
|
2022
|
969
|
-1.1
|
3233
|
17.7
|
TOTAL
|
3752
|
|
12383
|
|
Table 4.5.1: Total publication published during pandemic
In terms of publications, MAHE researchers had little impact on the COVID-19 epidemic, whereas VTU researchers had a good Annual Growth Rate (AGR) of publications (24% vs. 9.1% for MAHE).
The following table shows the number of Scopus authors, documents affiliation alone, and documents complete institution. It is also clear that the number of authors from these two institutions varies, which has impacted the research output of the entire institute. In terms of publications output and citation effect, Guru Nanak Dev University's contribution to physics and astronomy clearly trails other top Indian universities (Singh, et al., 2017 analysis). It is recommended that the institution seriously consider ways to increase the quantity, caliber, and impact of its research output.
The statistics on publications per author reveals that MAHE researchers publish substantially more (9.9 publications) than VTU researchers, who only publish 2.9 per author.
Institution
|
No. of Scopus Authors
|
Documents Affiliation only
|
Documents, whole institution
|
Per Author publications, affiliations only
|
|
|
MAHE
|
2000
|
19770
|
30718
|
9.9
|
|
VTU
|
1663
|
4829
|
33553
|
2.9
|
|
Table 4.5.2: Number of authors and research productivity
The vide gap between documents whole institution and affiliation only shows that the number of researchers who have shifted their jobs are more in VTU as compared to MAHE or per author publications in Scopus is also evident here.
4.6 To Know the top 5 funding sponsors for the research publication
VTU, Belagavi
Sl.No
|
Funding Sponsors
|
Total Documents
|
1
|
DST (Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IND.)
|
74
|
2
|
VGST (Vision Group on Science and Technology, IND.)
|
71
|
3
|
Deanship of Scientific Research, King Faisal University.
|
59
|
4
|
Taif University.
|
31
|
5
|
SERB (Science and Engineering Research Board, IND.)
|
27
|
Table 4.6.1: Top 5 funding sponsors for publication for VTU, Belagavi
MAHE, Manipal
Sl.No
|
Funding Sponsors
|
Total Documents
|
1
|
DST (Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IND.)
|
719
|
2
|
Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IND.
|
480
|
3
|
SERB (Science and Engineering Research Board, IND.)
|
401
|
4
|
ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research, IND.)
|
394
|
5
|
CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, IND.)
|
200
|
Table 4.6.2: Top 5 funding sponsors for publication for MAHE, Manipal
4.7. Top 10 cited research publication of both organization
VTU, Belagavi.
Sl.No
|
Top cited Articles
|
Total Documents
|
1
|
Characterization and properties of natural fiber polymer composites: a comprehensive review.
|
822
|
2
|
Graphitic carbon nitride (g–C3N4)–based metal-free photocatalysts for water splitting: a review.
|
482
|
3
|
Recent progress in metal - doped TiO2, non-metal doped / codoped TiO2 and TiO2 nanostructured hybrids for enhanced photocatalysis.
|
319
|
4
|
Polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) - based semiconducting nanostructured materials: Synthesis methods, properties, and photocatalytic applications.
|
271
|
5
|
ZnO-based nanostructured electrodes for electrochemical sensors, and biosensors in biomedical applications.
|
236
|
6
|
Role of conducting polymer and metal oxide-based hybrids for applications in ampereometric sensors and biosensors.
|
203
|
7
|
Experimental investigations and optimization of surface roughness in turning of en36 alloy steel using response surface methodology and genetic algorithm.
|
196
|
8
|
Band gap tuning and surface modification of carbon dots for sustainable environmental remediation and photocatalytic hydrogen production – a review.
|
180
|
9
|
Photocatalytic recovery of H2 from H2S containing wastewater: Surface and interface control of photo-excitons in Cu2S @ TiO2 core-shell nanostructures.
|
175
|
10
|
Recent advances in non-metals-doped TiO2 nanostructured photocatalysts for visible-light driven hydrogen production, CO2 reduction and air purification.
|
159
|
4.7.1. Top 10 cited research publication of VTU, Belagavi
MAHE, Manipal
Sl.No
|
Top cited Articles
|
Total Documents
|
1
|
Deep convolution neural network for accurate diagnosis of glaucoma using digital fundus Images.
|
278
|
2
|
Antidiabetic potential of medicinal plants and their active Components.
|
214
|
3
|
A Deep learning approach for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis from EEG signals.
|
192
|
4
|
Graphene and Graphene Oxide-Based Composites for Removal of Organic Pollutants: a review.
|
188
|
5
|
Polymer matrix-natural fiber composites: an overview
|
183
|
6
|
Review on the electromagnetic interference shielding properties of carbon-based materials and their novel composites: Recent progress, challenges, and prospects.
|
176
|
7
|
Automated identification of shockable and non-shockable life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias using Convolutional Neural Network.
|
176
|
8
|
Clustered miRNAs and their role in biological functions and diseases”.
|
158
|
9
|
Facile synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles using inedible Cynometra ramiflora fruit extract waste and their photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye.
|
149
|
10
|
NOx reduction behavior in copper zeolite catalysts for ammonia SCR systems: a review.
|
144
|
4.7.2. Top 10 cited research publication of MAHE, Manipal
4.8. To Know the h-Index of both organizations during 2018-2022
Sl. No
|
Organization
|
H-Index
|
1
|
VTU, Belagavi
|
70
|
2
|
MAHE, Manipal
|
84
|
4.8.1 To Know the h-Index of both organizations during 2018-2022
4.9. To Know Different Type of Open Source used to publish the research output.
Organization
|
All Open Access
|
Gold O A
|
Hybrid OA
|
Bronze O A
|
Green O A
|
MAHE, Manipal
|
2,687
|
1,453
|
463
|
479
|
1299
|
VTU, Belagavi
|
976
|
534
|
42
|
352
|
252
|
4.9.1 To Know Different Type of Open Source used to publish the research output.
Suggestions
As per the above study there is more difference between both VTU, Belagavi and MAHE, where has the VTU has a smaller number of research output from their research authors of the institution. As per that the VTU must initiate some more to the research output of their organization like they have conduct author workshops for the authors and the researchers of the organization. and they must motivate the authors of the organization to publish a greater number of the research outputs from their organization.