Dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) are often used for gas conversion such as splitting of carbon dioxide, volatile organic compound removal or ozone generation. Due to the small plasma filaments in DBD discharges an efficient mixing of the gas flow with the plasma is essential. This is studied by using a surface dielectric barrier discharge (sDBD) with an electrode design similar to plasma actuators to optimize plasma-flow interaction. The flow pattern has been measured by Schlieren diagnostics and compared to a fluid dynamic simulation. The efficiency of gas conversion has been tested by monitoring the conversion of 1% CO$_2$ admixed to an N$_2$ gas stream via infrared spectroscopy in the exhaust. The actuator design of the electrodes induces a significant plasma force on the fluid, which results in the formation of vortices above the electrodes as reproduced in the simulation. It is shown that the height of the vortices created in the velocity field can characterize the mixing process, which dominates the conversion efficiency of carbon dioxide at different gas flow rates.