Number of live births | 140,541 live births in Ontario (2019) | Statistics Canada25 |
Infant and neonatal mortality rate | 4.6 infant and 3.6 neonatal deaths per 1000 live births | Statistics Canada26 |
Number of primiparous women | Hypothetical cohort of 100,000 women | Analyst’s assumption |
Exclusive breastfeeding rate | 36.3% (rate at six months); 64.9% (rate at hospital discharge after delivery); 92.1% (breastfeeding initiation rate); 64.6% (any breastfeeding) | PHAC, 20225; BFI Annual report, 20196 |
Lower respiratory tract infection |
Incidence of LRTI | 37% among FF and 25% among EBF | Quesada et al, 202027 |
Incidence of care | 23% cases visit outpatient care; 6% have inpatient stays | Renfrew et al, 201214; CIHI28 |
Duration of care | 3 days in inpatient care per episode; 1.9 days outpatient visits per episode | OCCI22; CIHI28 |
Cost of care | US $911 (US $222- US $8,112) per inpatient stay; US $166 (US $99 – US $11,660) per LRTI case in outpatient care | OCCI22 |
Gastrointestinal infection |
Incidence of GI | 31% among FF and 14% among EBF | Quesada et al, 202027 |
Incidence of care | 22% cases visit outpatient care; 44% have inpatient stays | Sargeant et al, 200829; Caudle et al, 200930 |
Duration of care | 3.6 days in inpatient care per episode; 1.9 days of outpatient visits per episode | OCCI22; CIHI28 |
Annual cost of care | US $1,055 (US $810 – US $9088) per inpatient stay; US $166 (US $144 – US $1,338) per GI case in outpatient care | OCCI22 |
Acute otitis media |
Incidence of AOM | 37% among FF and 25% among EBF | Quesada et al, 202027 |
Incidence of care | 94% cases visited a health professional | Dubé et al, 201131 |
Duration of episode | 2.2 AOM episodes per annum; 5.9 days per AOM episode | Dubé et al, 201131 |
Annual cost of care | US $97.71 (US $ 87 – US $1,919) per AOM case in outpatient care | OCCI22 |
Necrotising enterocolitis |
Breast feeding rate | 32.9% of premature newborns are EBF at NICU discharge | CNN32 |
Incidence of NEC | 7% among AF and 1% among EBF | Quesada et al, 202027 |
Incidence of care | We assume all newborns with NEC receives care | Analyst’s assumption |
Duration of care | 32.9 days in inpatient care days per admission | OCCI22 |
Distribution of treatment | 31% of cases would need surgical treatment while 69% would need medical treatment only | Rees et al, 201033 |
Annual cost of care | US $60, 326 (US $42,035 – US $87,658) per NEC case treated in NICU | OCCI22 |
Childhood leukemia |
Incidence of acute leukemia | 7.0 cases per 100,000 population of 0–4-year-olds in Ontario | Statistics Canada34 |
Lifetime probability of infection | 1.70% lifetime probability of developing leukemia in Canada | CCS35 |
Lifetime probability of death | 0.9% lifetime probability of dying from leukemia in Canada | CCS35 |
Survival rate | 94% predicted 5 year observed survival proportion | CCS35 |
Breastfeeding and leukemia risk | 0.89 (0.84–0.94 CI) decreased risk for newborn ever breastfed | Amitay et al, 201536 |
Annual cost of care | US $113,462 (US $102,758 – US $132,187) per case | Oliveira et al, 201737 |
Breast cancer |
Incidence of breast cancer | Incidence of breast cancer per 100,000 female population disaggregated by 5 year age groups (15 years and above)* | Statistic Canada34 |
Lifetime risk of disease | 1 in 8 Canadian females will have breast cancer in their lifetime | CCS35 |
Lifetime probability of death | 1 in 33 Canadians females will die from breast cancer in the lifetime | CCS35 |
Predicted survival rate | 95% predicted 5 year survival proportion for Canadian females | CCS35 |
Lifetime breastfeeding duration | 15.6 months weighted lifetime breastfeeding duration for parous women | Tschiderer et al, 202238 |
Breastfeeding and breast cancer risk | 0.74 (0.68–0.80 CI) decreased risk for women with > 12 months lifetime breastfeeding | Chowdhury et al, 201539 |
Annual cost of care | US $28, 879 (US $8,384 – US $41,266)** per case | Oliveira et al, 201340 |
Ovarian cancer |
Incidence of ovarian cancer | Incidence of ovarian cancer per 100,000 female population disaggregated by 5year age groups (15 years and above)* | Statistic Canada34 |
Lifetime probability of disease | 1 in 75 Canadian will have ovarian cancer in their lifetime | CCS35 |
Lifetime probability of death | 1 in 90 Canadians will die from ovarian cancer in the lifetime | CCS35 |
Predicted survival rate | 45% predicted 5 and 36% predicted 10 year survival proportion for Canadian females | CCS35 |
Breastfeeding and ovarian cancer risk | 0.72 (0.65–0.80 CI) decreased risk for women with 6–12 months lifetime breastfeeding | Chowdhury et al., 201539 |
Annual cost of care | US $70,821 ( US $41,722 – US $145,526) per case | Hurry et al, 202141 |