Table 1: Socio-Demographic Data
VARIABLES
|
FREQUENCY
|
PERCENTAGE
|
Age range
Under 20years
20-24years
25 -29 years
30 years and above
|
53
256
66
25
|
13.2
64
16.5
6.25
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Religion
Christianity
Islam
|
206
194
|
51.5
48.5
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Ethnic group
Igbo
Hausa/Fulani
Yoruba
|
23
16
361
|
5.75
4
90.25
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Marital status
Single
Married
|
378
22
|
94.5
5.5
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Usual place of residence
Rural
Urban
Semi urban
|
54
277
69
|
13.5
69.25
17.25
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Work as a student
Yes
No
|
131
269
|
32.75
67.25
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Sector of work
Public
Private
Self-employed
|
13
17
101
|
9.9
12.9
77.1
|
Total
|
131
|
100
|
Allowance from parent
Yes
No
|
391
9
|
97.7
2.2
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Average monthly allowance
Less than #5000
#5000-#9999
#10000 and above
|
322
48
21
|
82.7
12
5.3
|
Total
|
391
|
100
|
Faculty
Social sciences
Management
Environmental science
Education
Law
|
311
42
12
16
19
|
77.7
10.5
3
4
4.7
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Level
100
200
300
400
500
|
12
16
54
301
17
|
3
4
13.5
75.2
4.3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Table 1: According to the study, the age distribution revealed that the majority of respondents fall within the 20-24 years range, comprising (64%) of the total sample size. The under 20 years range accounts for (13.2%), while the 25-29 years range and 30 years and above range represent (16.5%) and (6.25%), respectively. This data revealed a predominant presence of young adults. In terms of religion, Christianity and Islam are nearly evenly represented, with Christianity slightly prevailing at (51.5%). Islam accounts for (48.5%) of the surveyed population, showcasing religious diversity within the sample. Ethnic group data revealed that the Yoruba ethnic group has the highest representation at (90.25%), followed by the Igbo and Hausa/Fulani ethnic groups with (5.75%) and (4%) respectively. This indicates a significant presence of the Yoruba ethnic group in the surveyed population.
Marital status indicated that the majority of respondents are single, comprising (94.5%) of the total sample, while married individuals represent only (5.5%). This suggests that the study predominantly consists of unmarried individuals, potentially indicating a younger demographic. Regarding usual place of residence, urban areas have the highest representation at (69.25%), followed by semi-urban areas at (17.25%) and rural areas at (13.5%). This highlights a higher concentration of respondents residing in urban settings within the surveyed population.
The study revealed that the working status as students indicates that (32.75%) of respondents work alongside their studies, while (67.25%) do not. This suggests that a significant portion of the surveyed population engages in employment while pursuing their education. In terms of the sector of work, self-employment has the highest representation at (77.1%), followed by the private sector at (12.9%), and the public sector at (9.9%). This indicates a notable presence of self-employed individuals within the surveyed population. Financially, the majority of respondents, (97.7%), receive an allowance from their parents, while only (2.2%) do not. Additionally, (82.7%) of respondents have a monthly allowance of less than ₦5000, while 12% fall within the ₦5000-₦9999 range, and 5.3% receive ₦10000 and above. This suggests that a significant proportion of respondents have a relatively low monthly allowance.
In terms of academic disciplines, the Social Sciences faculty has the highest representation at (77.7%), followed by Management at (10.5%). Environmental Science, Education, and Law account for smaller percentages. Lastly, the majority of respondents are in the 400 level of their academic journey, constituting (75.2%), followed by the 300 level at (13.5%). This indicates a concentration of respondents in the later stages of their academic studies.
Table 2: Experience on Sexual Behaviour
VARIABLES
|
FREQUENCY
|
PERCENTAGE
|
Ever had sexual intercourse
Yes
No
|
367
33
|
91.7
8.3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Sexual intercourse with your peers
Yes
No
|
251
116
|
68.4
31.6
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
First sexual activity influenced peer influence
Yes
No
|
288
79
|
78.5
21.5
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Friends influence your sexual activities
Yes
No
|
278
89
|
75.7
24.3
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Social media platforms
Facebook.
LinkedIn.
WhatsApp
Twitter
Instagram
YouTube
Snapchat
Skype
|
12
23
361
54
101
20
345
7
|
3.0
5.75
90.25
13.50
25.25
5.0
86.25
1.73
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Content on social media
Fitness
Nutrition
Health
Lifestyle
Academics
Professional
Religion
Sexual
|
45
12
66
34
23
79
56
85
|
11.2
3
16.5
8.5
5.7
19.7
14
21.3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Preference on sexual contents on social media
Yes
No
|
315
85
|
78.7
21.3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
How do you prefer to see it
Video
Picture
Article
Blog
|
230
40
23
22
|
62.6
10.8
6.2
5.9
|
Total
|
315
|
100
|
Most active time on social media
Before 7am
7- 11 am
11am – 3pm
3pm – 7pm
Post 7pm
|
12
34
45
76
233
|
3
8.5
11.2
19
58.3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Pornography contents on social media
Yes
No
|
388
12
|
97
3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Times in a week watching porn
Once
2-3times
4-5times
|
300
54
34
|
77.7
13.5
8.5
|
Total
|
388
|
100
|
Age at first sexual activity
15-19
20-24
25-29
30years and above
|
23
204
114
26
|
5.7
58.5
29.3
6.5
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Place of last sex
Home
Hotel
School
|
23
288
56
|
6.3
78.5
15.2
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Person of last sex
Boyfriend
Peer (Friends with benefit)
Sex worker
Student
|
292
23
5
47
|
79.5
6.3
1.36
12.8
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Nature of sexual intercourse
Vaginal.
Anal
Oral
|
226
18
123
|
56.5
4.5
30.7
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Frequently of sexual activity in a week
1-4times
5-9times
10times and above
|
78
278
11
|
19.5
77.7
2.8
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Sexual behaviours in the last 12months
Kissing
Touching of breast
Caressing
Smooching
Penetrative sex.
|
23
45
49
51
199
|
5.7
11.2
12.3
12.7
58
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Numbers of sexual partner
1
2.
3.
4
|
312
44
7
4
|
86.3
11
1.7
1
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Transactional sexual intercourse
Yes
No
|
23
344
|
5.7
94.3
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Use of condom during sexual intercourse
Yes
No
|
288
79
|
80.3
19.7
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
If yes
Pregnancy prevention
STDs/STIs prevention
|
258
109
|
80.3
19.7
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
If no
Sexual dissatisfaction
Irritation
Partner disapproval
|
56
19
4
|
71
24.1
5.1
|
Total
|
79
|
100
|
Contracted sexually transmitted diseases
Yes
No
|
76
291
|
19
81
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
If yes
Hepatitis
Chlamydia
|
55
21
|
72.3
27.7
|
Total
|
76
|
100
|
Mode of treatment
Surgery
Medication
Traditional
|
9
55
12
|
13.4
82.1
17.9
|
Total
|
76
|
100
|
Had an abortion
Yes
No
|
45
322
|
11.3
88.7
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Consequence of abortion
Infection
Infertility
Limited birth
Body change
Death
Traumatized
|
46
221
23
27
56
27
|
11.5
55.2
5.7
6.7
14
6.8
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Table 2: According to the study, a significant majority of respondents 367 respondents, (91.7%) have had sexual intercourse, while a smaller percentage 33 respondents, (8.3%) have not engaged in sexual activity. Regarding sexual activity with peers, 251 respondents (68.4%) reported engaging in sexual intercourse with their peers, while 116 respondents (31.6%) did not. Peer influence played a role in the first sexual activity for the majority of respondents, with 288 respondents (78.5%) indicating that their first sexual experience was influenced by their peers. A smaller percentage 79 respondents, (21.5%) reported that peer influence did not affect their first sexual activity.
Friends also exerted influence on the sexual activities of the respondents, with 278 respondents (75.7%) reporting that their friends influenced their sexual behaviors, while 89 respondents (24.3%) reported no influence from friends. When it comes to social media platforms, WhatsApp was the most commonly used platform, with 361 respondents (90.25%) utilizing it. Other popular platforms included Facebook 345 respondents, (86.25%), Instagram, 101 respondents (25.25%), and Twitter, 54 respondents (13.50%). LinkedIn, 23 respondents (5.75%), YouTube, 20 respondents (5%), Snapchat ,12 respondents (3%), and Skype, 7 respondents (1.73%) were less commonly used.
In terms of content on social media, respondents indicated a range of preferences. Fitness-related content attracted 45 respondents (11.2%), while nutrition, health, lifestyle, academic, professional, and religious content were favored by varying percentages of respondents. Sexual content was preferred by 315 respondents (78.7%). Regarding the preferred format for sexual content on social media, the majority of respondents, 230 respondents, (62.6%) preferred videos, while a smaller percentage preferred pictures, 40 respondents (10.8%), articles, 23 respondents, (6.2%), or blogs, 22 respondents (5.9%).
The study also revealed the most active times for social media usage, with the period after 7 pm being the most popular, attracting 233 respondents (58.3%). Other active periods included 3 pm to 7 pm, 76 respondents, (19%) and 11 am to 3 pm, 45 respondents, (11.2%). Regarding pornography consumption, 388 respondents (97%) reported watching pornography on social media platforms, while 12 respondents (3%) did not engage in this behavior. Among those who watched pornography, 300 respondents (77.7%) reported doing so once a week, 54 respondents (13.5%) watched 2-3 times a week, and 34 respondents (8.5%) watched 4-5 times a week.
The age at first sexual activity varied among the respondents. The highest percentage (204 respondents, 58.5%) reported engaging in their first sexual activity between the ages of 20 and 24. Other age ranges included 15-19 years (23 respondents, 5.7%), 25-29 years (117 respondents, 29.3%), and 30 years and above (26 respondents, 6.5%). In terms of the location of the last sexual encounter, the majority of respondents (288 respondents, 80.3%) reported it took place at hotels, while smaller percentages mentioned home (56 respondents, 14%) and schools (23 respondents, 5.7%).
The study also sheds light on the individuals involved in the respondents' last sexual activity. The highest percentage (292 respondents, 79.5%) reported their boyfriend or girlfriend as the person with whom they had sexual intercourse. Other categories included peers (23 respondents, 6.3%), sex workers (5 respondents, 1.36%), and fellow students (47 respondents, 12.8%). Regarding the nature of sexual intercourse, vaginal intercourse was the most common type, reported by 226 respondents (56.5%). Anal intercourse was reported by 18 respondents (4.5%), and oral intercourse by 123 respondents (30.7%). The frequency of sexual activity in a week varied among respondents, with 78 respondents (19.5%) engaging in sexual intercourse 1-4 times a week, 278 respondents (77.7%) engaging in it 5-9 times a week, and 11 respondents (2.8%) engaging in it 10 times or more.
Respondents also explained their various sexual activities in the last 12 months. These included kissing (23 respondents, 5.7%), touching of breasts (45 respondents, 11.2%), caressing (49 respondents, 12.3%), smooching (51 respondents, 12.7%), and penetrative sex (199 respondents, 58%). In terms of the number of sexual partners, the majority of respondents (312 respondents, 86.3%) reported having only one partner. Smaller percentages reported having two partners (44 respondents, 11%), three partners (7 respondents, 1.7%), or four partners (4 respondents, 1%).
Transactional sexual intercourse was reported by 23 respondents (5.7%), while the remaining 344 respondents (94.3%) did not engage in this type of activity. Regarding condom use during sexual intercourse, 288 respondents (80.3%) reported using condoms, while 79 respondents (19.7%) did not. Among those who used condoms, the reasons for doing so included pregnancy prevention (256 respondents, 80.3%) and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (109 respondents, 19.7%). For those who did not use condoms, reasons included sexual dissatisfaction (56 respondents, 71%), irritation (19 respondents, 24.1%), and partner disapproval (4 respondents, 5.1%).
A small percentage of respondents (76 respondents, 19%) reported contracting sexually transmitted diseases. Among those who contracted STDs, the most common types mentioned were hepatitis (55 respondents, 72.3%) and chlamydia (21 respondents, 27.7%). Treatment methods for STDs varied, with surgery being the least common (9 respondents, 13.4%), followed by traditional methods (12 respondents, 17.9%), and medication (55 respondents, 82.1%). The study also revealed that 45 respondents (11.3%) had undergone abortion, while the majority (322 respondents, 88.7%) had not. Among those who had an abortion, 34 respondents (75.6%) reported being influenced by their friends.
According to the study, the consequences of abortion were revealed as infection (46 respondents, 11.5%), infertility (221 respondents, 55.2%), limited birth (23 respondents, 5.7%), body changes (27 respondents, 6.7%), death (56 respondents, 14%), and feeling traumatized (27 respondents, 6.8%). This study provides valuable insights into the sexual behaviors, preferences, and experiences of the surveyed individuals. It highlights the influence of peers, the role of social media, and the importance of safe sexual practices. The findings can contribute to the development of targeted interventions, education programs, and policies aimed at promoting responsible sexual behavior, preventing sexually transmitted infections, and addressing the consequences of risky sexual activities such as unplanned pregnancies and the spread of diseases.
Table 3: Risky Sexual Behaviour
VARIABLES
|
FREQUENCY
|
PERCENTAGE
|
Definition of risky sexual behavior
Having sex before Marriage
Sexual practice with multiple partners
Unprotected sex (sex without contraceptive)
Sexual practice after taking alcohol, substance
Sexual practice with incomparable age partners
Unusual sexual practice like anal, oral sex
|
46
89
131
43
25
66
|
11.5
22.3
32.7
10.7
6.2
16.5
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Unprotected intercourse without condom use
Yes
No
|
79
288
|
19.7
80.3
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Unprotected mouth-to-genital contact
Yes
No
|
249
118
|
62.2
37.8
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Exposure to sexual intercourse at a young age
Yes
No
|
78
289
|
19.5
80.5
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
If yes, kindly signify the age range
11 – 13 years
13 – 15 years
15 – 17 years
|
12
23
43
|
15.4
29.5
55.1
|
Total
|
78
|
100
|
Multiple sex partners
Yes
No
|
56
311
|
14
86
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
if yes, how many
2
3
4
|
45
8
3
|
80.4
14.3
5.3
|
Total
|
56
|
100
|
Number of sexes in a month
2 times
4 times
6 times
8 times and more
|
6
17
45
299
|
1.5
4.2
11.3
83
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Threesome involving the opposite sex
Yes
No
|
23
344
|
5.7
94.3
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Threesome involving same sex
Yes
No
|
25
342
|
6.2
93.8
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Caught partner with another sexual partner
Yes
No
|
89
278
|
22.3
77.7
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Did you get pregnant
Yes
No
|
45
322
|
11.2
88.8
|
Total
|
367
|
100
|
Possibility of remaining virgin until marriage
Yes
No
|
23
377
|
5.7
89.3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Condoms prevent HIV/AIDs
Yes
No
|
314
86
|
78.5
21.5
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Talk with parent about sexual matters
Yes
No
|
345
55
|
86.3
13.7
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Girls should use condom during sex
Yes
No
|
358
42
|
89.5
10.5
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Adolescents are more vulnerable to RSBs
Yes
No
|
381
19
|
95.3
4.7
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Masturbation is alternative to fulfil sexual urge
Yes
No
|
388
12
|
97
3
|
Total
|
400
|
100
|
Table 3: According to the study, (19.7%) of respondents reported engaging in unprotected intercourse without condom use, while (80.3%) indicated using condoms during sexual intercourse. This finding highlights the importance of promoting safe sex practices and increasing awareness about the risks associated with unprotected intercourse. Unprotected intercourse increases the likelihood of unintended pregnancies and the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), emphasizing the need for comprehensive sexual education and access to contraception.
The study revealed that (62.2%) of respondents reported engaging in unprotected mouth-to-genital contact, while (37.8%) acknowledged using protective measures. Unprotected oral sex can lead to the transmission of STIs, including herpes, gonorrhea, and syphilis. This finding underscores the importance of promoting safer oral sex practices, such as the use of dental dams or condoms, to reduce the risk of STI transmission. Also, (19.5%) of respondents reported exposure to sexual activity at a young age, while (80.5%) indicated no such exposure. Early exposure to sexual activity can have physical, emotional, and psychological consequences for young individuals. It is crucial to provide comprehensive sex education programs that address consent, healthy relationships, and the importance of waiting until one is ready for sexual activity. Early intervention and education can empower young people to make informed decisions and foster responsible sexual behavior.
The study indicated that (14%) of respondents reported having multiple sex partners, while (86%) reported having a single partner. Engaging in sexual activity with multiple partners increases the risk of STI transmission and underscores the need for regular STI testing and practicing safe sex. It is crucial to promote open communication, regular testing, and the use of barrier methods to minimize the spread of STIs. Regarding threesomes involving the opposite sex, (5.7%) of respondents reported participation, while (94.3%) did not. Additionally, (6.2%) of respondents reported involvement in threesomes with the same sex, while (93.8%) did not. Threesomes involve complex dynamics and require clear communication, consent, and an understanding of the potential risks involved. Individuals considering threesomes should prioritize open dialogue, respect for boundaries, and the use of protection to ensure the physical and emotional well-being of all parties involved.
The study shows that (22.3%) of respondents reported discovering their partner with another sexual partner, while (77.7%) did not. Discovering a partner's infidelity can have profound emotional consequences, including feelings of betrayal, trust issues, and potential exposure to STIs. Open and honest communication, mutual respect, and commitment to monogamy are essential for maintaining healthy and trusting relationships. According to the study, (11.2%) of respondents reported experiencing pregnancy, while (88.8%) did not. Unplanned pregnancies can have significant implications for individuals and their families. Effective use of contraception, including condoms, hormonal methods, or other forms of birth control, can help prevent unintended pregnancies and allow individuals to make informed decisions about their reproductive health.
Approximately (5.7%) of respondents expressed the possibility of remaining a virgin until marriage, while (89.3%) did not consider this option. Personal choices regarding virginity and abstinence should be respected and supported. Comprehensive sexual education should provide information about abstinence as well as the importance of consent, contraception, and responsible sexual behaviors for those who choose not to remain abstinent. A substantial majority of respondents (78.5%) acknowledged that condoms prevent HIV/AIDS transmission, while (21.5%) did not hold this belief. This finding highlights the need for accurate and comprehensive information about condom efficacy in preventing the transmission of STIs, including HIV/AIDS. Promoting condom use as a preventive measure is crucial for reducing the spread of STIs and protecting sexual health.
The study revealed that (86.3%) of respondents reported engaging in sexual discussions with their parents, while (13.7%) did not. Open communication between parents and their children about sexual matters plays a vital role in providing accurate information, clarifying misconceptions, and promoting responsible sexual behavior. Encouraging an open dialogue can foster healthy attitudes towards sex, consent, and relationships. The study also indicated that (89.5%) of respondents believed that girls should use condoms during sex, while (10.5%) did not share this belief. Recognizing the importance of condom use for both genders is essential for promoting safe sex practices and preventing STI transmission and unintended pregnancies. Empowering girls with knowledge about their sexual health and providing access to contraception is vital in supporting their autonomy and well-being.
A significant majority of respondents (95.3%) acknowledged that adolescents are more vulnerable to risky sexual behaviors, while only (4.7%) did not share this belief. Adolescents often face unique challenges in navigating their sexuality, including peer pressure, inadequate sex education, and a lack of access to healthcare services. Comprehensive sexual education programs should address the specific needs and vulnerabilities of adolescents, equipping them with the knowledge and skills to make informed decisions and practice safe sex. Regarding masturbation as an alternative for sexual urges, (97%) of respondents agreed, while (3%) did not. Masturbation is a normal and healthy aspect of human sexuality, providing a safe outlet for sexual desires and self-exploration. Promoting accurate information about masturbation can help individuals develop a positive relationship with their own bodies and sexual well-being.