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Lihua Sun
Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
Corresponding Author
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Background: The payment card (PC) format and the open-ended (OE) format are common methods in eliciting willing-to-pay (WTP) of one additional quality-adjusted life year (QALY). The aim of this research is to compare these two formats in eliciting the monetary value of a QALY.
Methods: A contingent valuation survey was carried out using a pre-designed questionnaire with various hypothetical scenarios. The difference between the PC and the OE formats was evaluated by a two-sample equality test. Furthermore, regression analysis was carried out to control observed heterogeneity and to test theoretical validity.
Results: In total, 461 individuals were involved, among whom 235 (51%) answered the PC question, while 226 (49%) answered the OE question. No significant difference was observed between the median of these two methods. However, in the subgroup analysis, noteworthy differences were noticed in the median for these two formats in all scenarios. Both formats were proved to be theoretically valid, whereas the OE technique was found to have a stronger association with all variables in the regression model than that of the PC format. Moreover, joint estimation indicated a positive but not significant effect on the OE results.
Conclusions: This research indicated that there was no statistical difference between the PC format and OE format and proved the validity of both, which justified the combined use of these two methods in eliciting monetary value of QALY. More research about the difference and the validity of various WTP eliciting methods would be needed for a robust estimation of WTP/QALY.
Keywords
willingness-to-pay, contingent valuation, payment card, open-ended question, threshold
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.
Version (no preprint)
Posted 10 May, 2021
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 10 May, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 24 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 18 Feb, 2021
Editor assigned
On 18 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 18 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 18 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 18 Feb, 2021
This version was not preprinted
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 23 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 22 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 17 Jan, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 04 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 29 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 Oct, 2020
Version 1
Posted 10 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 29 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 25 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 25 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 24 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 27 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 08 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 08 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 07 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 07 Jun, 2020
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PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
International Business
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See the published version of this preprint at Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Lihua Sun
Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.
Version (no preprint)
Posted 10 May, 2021
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 10 May, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 24 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 18 Feb, 2021
Editor assigned
On 18 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 18 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 18 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 18 Feb, 2021
This version was not preprinted
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 23 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 22 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 17 Jan, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 04 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 29 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 Oct, 2020
Version 1
Posted 10 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 29 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 25 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 25 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 24 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 27 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 08 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 08 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 07 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 07 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
International Business
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.
Background: The payment card (PC) format and the open-ended (OE) format are common methods in eliciting willing-to-pay (WTP) of one additional quality-adjusted life year (QALY). The aim of this research is to compare these two formats in eliciting the monetary value of a QALY.
Methods: A contingent valuation survey was carried out using a pre-designed questionnaire with various hypothetical scenarios. The difference between the PC and the OE formats was evaluated by a two-sample equality test. Furthermore, regression analysis was carried out to control observed heterogeneity and to test theoretical validity.
Results: In total, 461 individuals were involved, among whom 235 (51%) answered the PC question, while 226 (49%) answered the OE question. No significant difference was observed between the median of these two methods. However, in the subgroup analysis, noteworthy differences were noticed in the median for these two formats in all scenarios. Both formats were proved to be theoretically valid, whereas the OE technique was found to have a stronger association with all variables in the regression model than that of the PC format. Moreover, joint estimation indicated a positive but not significant effect on the OE results.
Conclusions: This research indicated that there was no statistical difference between the PC format and OE format and proved the validity of both, which justified the combined use of these two methods in eliciting monetary value of QALY. More research about the difference and the validity of various WTP eliciting methods would be needed for a robust estimation of WTP/QALY.
Figure 1
Figure 2
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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