1.World Health Organisation. WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID–19 - 11 March 2020: World Health Organisation; 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid–19—–11-march–2020].
2.Zhao S, Lin Q, Ran J, et al. Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;92:214–7.
3.Johns Hopkins University & Medicine. Coronavirus Resource Center: John Hopkins University; 2020 [Available from: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html].
4.Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727–33.
5.Corman VM, Muth D, Niemeyer D, Drosten C. Hosts and Sources of Endemic Human Coronaviruses. Adv Virus Res. 2018;100:163–88.
6.World Health Organisation. Interim recommendations on obligatory hand hygiene against transmission of COVID–19: World Health Organization.; 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/who-documents-detail/interim-recommendations-on-obligatory-hand-hygiene-against-transmission-of-covid–19].
7.Chin AWH, Chu JTS, Perera MRA, et al. Stability of SARS-CoV–2 in different environmental conditions. The Lancet Microbe. 2020;1(1).
8.Vogt PM, Hauser J, Mueller S, Bosse B, Hopp M. Efficacy of Conventional and Liposomal Povidone-Iodine in Infected Mesh Skin Grafts: An Exploratory Study. Infect Dis Ther. 2017;6(4):545–55.
9.Eggers M, Koburger-Janssen T, Eickmann M, Zorn J. In Vitro Bactericidal and Virucidal Efficacy of Povidone-Iodine Gargle/Mouthwash Against Respiratory and Oral Tract Pathogens. Infect Dis Ther. 2018;7(2):249–59.
10.World Health Organisation. WHO R&D Blueprint COVID 19 Experimental Treatments.: World Health Organisation; 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/covid-classification-of-treatment-types-rev.pdf].
11.Kawana R, Kitamura T, Nakagomi O, et al. Inactivation of human viruses by povidone-iodine in comparison with other antiseptics. Dermatology. 1997;195 Suppl 2:29–35.
12.Kariwa H, Fujii N, Takashima I. Inactivation of SARS coronavirus by means of povidone-iodine, physical conditions and chemical reagents. Dermatology. 2006;212 Suppl 1:119–23.
13.Eggers M, Eickmann M, Zorn J. Rapid and Effective Virucidal Activity of Povidone-Iodine Products Against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA). Infect Dis Ther. 2015;4(4):491–501.
14.Spearman C. THE METHOD OF ‘RIGHT AND WRONG CASES’ (‘CONSTANT STIMULI’) WITHOUT GAUSS’S FORMULAE. Br J Psychol. 1908;2:227–42.
15.Kärber G. Beitrag zur kollektiven Behandlung pharmakologischer Reihenversuche. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv für Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. 1931;162(4):480–3.
16.Comité Européen de Normalisation. EN14476:2013/FprA1:2015: Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics. Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of virucidal activity in the medical area. Test method and requirements (Phase 2/Step 1)2015.
17.Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID–19). StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020.
18.Bai Y, Yao L, Wei T, et al. Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID–19. JAMA. 2020;323(14):1406–7.
19.Sanche S, Lin YT, Xu C, et al. High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(7).
20.Eggers M, Koburger-Janssen T, Ward LS, Newby C, Muller S. Bactericidal and Virucidal Activity of Povidone-Iodine and Chlorhexidine Gluconate Cleansers in an In Vivo Hand Hygiene Clinical Simulation Study. Infect Dis Ther. 2018;7(2):235–47.
21.O’Donnell VB, Thomas D, Stanton R, et al. Potential role of oral rinses targeting the viral lipid envelope in SARS-CoV–2 infection. Function. 2020.
22.Mady LJ, Kubik MW, Baddour K, Snyderman CH, Rowan NR. Consideration of povidone-iodine as a public health intervention for COVID–19: Utilization as “Personal Protective Equipment” for frontline providers exposed in high-risk head and neck and skull base oncology care. Oral Oncol. 2020;105:104724.
23.Kirk-Bayley J, Challacombe S, Sunkaraneni V, Combes J. The Use of Povidone Iodine Nasal Spray and Mouthwash During the Current COVID–19 Pandemic May Protect Healthcare Workers and Reduce Cross Infection. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2020.