Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal dromedary camel tarsus
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most versatile and informative imaging modality for the diagnosis of locomotor injuries in many animal species; however, veterinary literature describing the MRI of the dromedary camel tarsus is lacking. Our purpose was to describe and compare the MRI images of twelve cadaveric tarsi, examined in a 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner, with their corresponding anatomical gross sections. Turbo spin-echo (TSE) T1-weighted (T1), T2-weighted (T2), proton density-weighted (PD), and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences were obtained in 3 planes. Tarsi were sectioned in sagittal, dorsal, and transverse planes. MRI images from different sequences and planes were described and compared with the anatomical sections.
Results: The soft and osseous tissues of the dromedary camel tarsus could be clearly defined on MRI images and corresponded extensively with the gross anatomic sections. The obtained MRI images enabled comprehensive assessment of the anatomic relationships among the osseous and soft tissues of the camel tarsus. Several structure were evaluated that cannot be imaged using radiography or ultrasonography, including the transverse inter-tarsal ligaments, the talocalcaneal ligament, the short dorsal ligament, branches of the short medial and lateral collateral ligaments and the tarsometatarsal ligaments. Specific anatomical features regarding the dromedary camel tarsus were identified, including the fused second and third tarsal bone, an additional bundle of the short medial collateral ligament connecting the talus and metatarsus and the medial and lateral limbs of the long plantar ligament.
Conclusions: MRI images provided a thorough evaluation of the normal dromedary camel tarsus. Information provided in the current study is expected to serve as a basis for interpretation in clinical situations.
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Posted 13 Jan, 2021
On 28 Jan, 2021
Invitations sent on 06 Jan, 2021
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 16 Dec, 2020
Received 02 Dec, 2020
Received 30 Nov, 2020
On 14 Nov, 2020
On 11 Nov, 2020
Invitations sent on 10 Nov, 2020
On 24 Sep, 2020
On 23 Sep, 2020
On 23 Sep, 2020
On 25 Aug, 2020
Received 16 Aug, 2020
On 22 Jul, 2020
Received 15 Jul, 2020
Invitations sent on 07 Jul, 2020
On 07 Jul, 2020
On 19 Jun, 2020
On 18 Jun, 2020
On 18 Jun, 2020
On 17 Jun, 2020
Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal dromedary camel tarsus
Posted 13 Jan, 2021
On 28 Jan, 2021
Invitations sent on 06 Jan, 2021
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 16 Dec, 2020
Received 02 Dec, 2020
Received 30 Nov, 2020
On 14 Nov, 2020
On 11 Nov, 2020
Invitations sent on 10 Nov, 2020
On 24 Sep, 2020
On 23 Sep, 2020
On 23 Sep, 2020
On 25 Aug, 2020
Received 16 Aug, 2020
On 22 Jul, 2020
Received 15 Jul, 2020
Invitations sent on 07 Jul, 2020
On 07 Jul, 2020
On 19 Jun, 2020
On 18 Jun, 2020
On 18 Jun, 2020
On 17 Jun, 2020
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most versatile and informative imaging modality for the diagnosis of locomotor injuries in many animal species; however, veterinary literature describing the MRI of the dromedary camel tarsus is lacking. Our purpose was to describe and compare the MRI images of twelve cadaveric tarsi, examined in a 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner, with their corresponding anatomical gross sections. Turbo spin-echo (TSE) T1-weighted (T1), T2-weighted (T2), proton density-weighted (PD), and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences were obtained in 3 planes. Tarsi were sectioned in sagittal, dorsal, and transverse planes. MRI images from different sequences and planes were described and compared with the anatomical sections.
Results: The soft and osseous tissues of the dromedary camel tarsus could be clearly defined on MRI images and corresponded extensively with the gross anatomic sections. The obtained MRI images enabled comprehensive assessment of the anatomic relationships among the osseous and soft tissues of the camel tarsus. Several structure were evaluated that cannot be imaged using radiography or ultrasonography, including the transverse inter-tarsal ligaments, the talocalcaneal ligament, the short dorsal ligament, branches of the short medial and lateral collateral ligaments and the tarsometatarsal ligaments. Specific anatomical features regarding the dromedary camel tarsus were identified, including the fused second and third tarsal bone, an additional bundle of the short medial collateral ligament connecting the talus and metatarsus and the medial and lateral limbs of the long plantar ligament.
Conclusions: MRI images provided a thorough evaluation of the normal dromedary camel tarsus. Information provided in the current study is expected to serve as a basis for interpretation in clinical situations.
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Figure 4
Figure 5
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Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11