1. Countries' Scientific Production
Considering the country of affiliation of the authors of the articles, it was confirmed that 46 countries covered MBS as a topic with different numbers of articles published between each country, with the United States being the first in scientific production with 233 appearances. This is followed by Italy (n=67), Brazil (n=56), United Kingdom (n=55), Canada (n=46), France (n=45), Japan (n=43), Netherlands (n =43), Turkey (n=41) and, in tenth place, Germany (n=27) (Figure 1 & Table 1).
Table 1: Top 10 Countries’ scientific production
|
Nº
|
Country
|
Number of articles
|
1
|
USA
|
233
|
2
|
ITALY
|
67
|
3
|
BRAZIL
|
56
|
4
|
UK
|
55
|
5
|
CANADA
|
46
|
6
|
FRANCE
|
45
|
7
|
JAPAN
|
43
|
8
|
NETHERLANDS
|
43
|
9
|
TURKEY
|
41
|
10
|
GERMANY
|
27
|
2. Corresponding author’s countries
Using the data included in Table 2 and Figure 2 that describes corresponding author’s countries, it is verified that for the United States the number of corresponding authors is the largest with 64 in total, followed by United Kingdom (n=18), Italy (n=17), Brazil (n=16), Canada (n=14), Japan (n=14), France (n=13), Turkey (n=12) and finally Netherlands (n=11). In the case of single country publications (SCP), the list is again led by the United States with 55 of the 64 mentioned, followed by the United Kingdom (n1=15), Japan (n1=14), Brazil (n1=13), Italy (n1=12), Canada (n1=12), Italy (n1=12) and finally France (n1=10). In the case of multiple country publications we again find the United States first with 9 of the 64, followed by Italy (n2=5), United Kingdom (n2=3), Brazil (n2=3), France (n2=3), Canada (n2=2 ), Netherlands (n2=2), Japan (n2=0) and finally Turkey (n2=0).
It should be noted that in the case of single country publications, the United Kingdom, despite having fewer publications, is in second place, following the United States. Furthermore, in third place and also with a smaller number of publications in comparison is Japan, a country that also has the lowest registered number, along with Turkey, of multiple country publications, this being zero. Italy stands out in the second order of multiple country publications in accordance with its number of articles on MBS. This is followed in third order by the United Kingdom, Brazil and France, the last being relevant because, compared to the first two, it has a smaller number of articles.
Table 2: Corresponding author’s countries
|
Nº
|
Country
|
Articles (n)
|
SCP (n1)
|
MCP (n2)
|
1
|
USA
|
64
|
55
|
9
|
2
|
UNITED KINGDOM
|
18
|
15
|
3
|
3
|
ITALY
|
17
|
12
|
5
|
4
|
BRAZIL
|
16
|
13
|
3
|
5
|
CANADA
|
14
|
12
|
2
|
6
|
JAPAN
|
14
|
14
|
0
|
7
|
FRANCE
|
13
|
10
|
3
|
8
|
TURKEY
|
12
|
12
|
0
|
9
|
NETHERLANDS
|
11
|
9
|
2
|
3. Country production over time
From the graph of the country's scientific production over time, it can be seen that there has been a notable increase in the production of articles on MBS, with the fastest growing country being the United States. Italy and Brazil also stand out for their accelerated growth in the period between 2001 and January 4, 2024 until they became the second and third countries, respectively, with the highest number of publications. The United Kingdom and Canada follow the same growth pattern in relation to scientific production, but, although these countries initially occupied second place in the list of publications after the United States, their growth was surpassed by Italy and Brazil. (Figure 3)
4. Most cited countries
Among the 10 countries with the highest number of citations, at the top, the United States has a total of 1,080 citations. This is followed by Netherlands (n=571), Canada (n=499), United Kingdom (n=376), Italy (n=236), Brazil (n=151), Australia (n=141), Japan (n =125), Spain (n=118) and finally South Africa (n=91). Regarding average article citations, Netherlands leads with 51.9 citations, followed by South Africa (n1=45.5), Canada (n1=35.6), United Kingdom (n1=20.9), Australia (n1=20.1), United States (n1=16.9 ), Italy (n1=13.9), Spain (n1=13.1), Brazil (n1=9.4) and, finally, Japan (n1=8.9) (Figure 4 and Table 3).
Table 3: Ten most cited countries
|
Number
|
Country
|
Total Citations (n)
|
Average Article Citations (n1)
|
1
|
USA
|
1080
|
16.90
|
2
|
NETHERLANDS
|
571
|
51.90
|
3
|
CANADA
|
499
|
35.60
|
4
|
UNITED KINGDOM
|
376
|
20.90
|
5
|
ITALY
|
236
|
13.90
|
6
|
BRAZIL
|
151
|
9.40
|
7
|
AUSTRALIA
|
141
|
20.10
|
8
|
JAPAN
|
125
|
8.90
|
9
|
SPAIN
|
118
|
13.10
|
10
|
SOUTH AFRICA
|
91
|
45.50
|
5. Organization Distribution
460 were the institutions that have contributed to scientific production on Moebius syndrome. Firstly, the institution with the greatest contribution is the University of Parma, in Italy, with a frequency of article citations of 33. This is followed by the University of Sao Paulo (n=14), the Hospital for Sick Children (n =10), Istanbul University (n=9), University of Alberta (n=9), Nijmegen University (n=9), Boston Children's Hospital (n=8), Harvard University (n=8), University from Toronto (n=8) and, finally, Harvard Medical School (n=7) (Table 4).
It should be noted that even with the largest number of articles published, American institutions do not appear in the top positions in this category, while institutions from Italy and Brazil do appear in accordance with their total scientific production.
Figure 5 showcases the institutions with the highest number of citations in the area of Moebius Syndrome research.
Table 4: Organization distribution
|
Ranking
|
Affiliation
|
Articles
|
Country
|
1
|
UNIV PARMA
|
33
|
ITALY
|
2
|
UNIV SAO PAULO
|
14
|
BRAZIL
|
3
|
HOSP SICK CHILDREN
|
10
|
CANADA
|
4
|
ISTANBUL UNIV
|
9
|
TURKEY
|
5
|
UNIV ALBERTA
|
9
|
CANADA
|
6
|
UNIV NIJMEGEN
|
9
|
NETHERLANDS
|
7
|
BOSTON CHILDRENS HOSP
|
8
|
USA
|
8
|
HARVARD UNIV
|
8
|
USA
|
9
|
UNIV TORONTO
|
8
|
CANADA
|
10
|
HARVARD MED SCH
|
7
|
USA
|
6. Journal of publication
In the top 10 list of journals with the most articles on the subject, "Pediatric Neurology" and "Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery" lead with 9 articles each. They are followed by "Journal of Child Neurology," "Journal of Medical Genetics," and "Neurology," each contributing 7 articles. Next are "Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal," "Clinical Genetics," "Cureus Journal of Medical Science," and "Journal of Craniofacial Surgery," with 6 articles published. Completing the list are "International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology" and "Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus," each with 5 articles. (Table 5)
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the citation network among journals focusing on Moebius Syndrome research.
Table 5: Top Journals
|
Journal
|
Number of documents
|
Quartile
|
Country
|
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
|
9
|
Q1
|
United States
|
PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
|
9
|
Q1
|
United States
|
JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
|
7
|
Q2
|
United States
|
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
|
7
|
Q1
|
United Kingdom
|
NEUROLOGY
|
7
|
Q1
|
United States
|
CLEFT PALATE-CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL
|
6
|
Q2
|
United States
|
CLINICAL GENETICS
|
6
|
Q1
|
United Kingdom
|
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
|
6
|
-
|
United States
|
JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY
|
6
|
Q2
|
United States
|
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
|
5
|
Q2
|
Ireland
|
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY \& STRABISMUS
|
5
|
Q3
|
United States
|
7. Authors
In the realm of Moebius Syndrome research, a select group of authors has made significant contributions. Leading the list, PADBERG GW has published 9 articles, closely followed by VERZIJL HTFM with 8 articles. Notably contributing to the field, BOGART KR and CARDENAS-MEJIA A have each authored 5 articles. Similarly, DE STEFANI E, FERRARI PF, JABS EW, and WEBB BD have also made contributions with 5 publications each. Additionally, BIANCHI B and GANDOLFINI M have each published 4 articles, while ZUKER RM has contributed 4 articles, further enriching the research landscape on Moebius Syndrome (Table 6). Figure 8 showcases the citation network among authors who have published on the topic of Moebius Syndrome.
Table 6: Top Authors
|
Number
|
Author
|
Number of articles
|
1
|
PADBERG GW
|
9
|
2
|
VERZIJL HTFM
|
8
|
3
|
BOGART KR
|
5
|
4
|
CARDENAS-MEJIA A
|
5
|
5
|
DE STEFANI E
|
5
|
6
|
FERRARI PF
|
5
|
7
|
JABS EW
|
5
|
8
|
WEBB BD
|
5
|
9
|
BIANCHI B
|
4
|
10
|
GANDOLFINI M
|
4
|
11
|
ZUKER RM
|
4
|
8. Most cited articles
In the top 10 of the most cited articles on Moebius Syndrome (Table 7), leading the list is "Möbius Syndrome Redefined, A Syndrome of Rhombencephalic Maldevelopment", published in "Neurology" with a total of 177 citations. It is followed by "The Congenital Facial Diplegia Syndrome: Clinical Features, Pathology and Ætiology: A Review of Sixty-One Cases" with 159 citations. Ranking third is "Use of Misoprostol during Pregnancy and Möbius' Syndrome in Infants", featured in the New England Journal of Medicine, accumulating 151 citations. The fourth most cited is "Facial Animation in Children with Möbius Syndrome after Segmental Gracilis Muscle Transplant", having 150 citations. In fifth place is "Moebius Syndrome", published in the Journal of Medical Genetics, with 117 citations. The sixth position is held by "Localization of a Gene for Möbius Syndrome to Chromosome 3q by Linkage Analysis in a Dutch Family", from Human Molecular Genetics, with 91 citations. Seventh is "Möbius Syndrome", with the same number of citations as the sixth but with a lower Total Citations (TC). The eighth is "Deletion of chromosome 13 in Moebius Syndrome", from the Journal of Medical Genetics, with 90 citations. Ninth is "Three-Generation Pedigree of a Möbius Syndrome Variant With Chromosome Translocation", featured in JAMA Neurology with 89 citations. Finally, in tenth place is "Moebius Syndrome: Animal Model—Human Correlations and Evidence for a Brainstem Vascular Etiology", from Teratology, with 73 citations. Figures 9, 10, and 11 showcase the most highly cited articles in the research.
Table 7: Most cited articles
|
Paper
|
DOI
|
Total Citations
|
TC per year
|
VERZIJL HTFM, 2003, NEUROLOGY
|
10.1212/01.WNL.0000076484.91275.CD
|
177
|
8.05
|
HENDERSON JL, 1939, BRAIN
|
10.1093/brain/62.4.381
|
159
|
1.85
|
PASTUSZAK AL, 1998, N ENGL J MED
|
10.1056/NEJM199806253382604
|
151
|
5.59
|
ZUKER RM, 2000, PLAST RECONSTR SURG
|
10.1097/00006534-200007000-00001
|
150
|
6.00
|
KUMAR D, 1990, J MED GENET
|
10.1136/jmg.27.2.122
|
117
|
3.34
|
KREMER H, 1996, HUM MOL GENET
|
10.1093/hmg/5.9.1367
|
91
|
3.14
|
TOWFIGHI J, 1979, ACTA NEUROPATHOL
|
10.1007/BF00691785
|
91
|
1.98
|
SLEE JJ, 1991, J MED GENET
|
10.1136/jmg.28.6.413
|
90
|
2.65
|
ZITER FA, 1977, ARCH NEUROL
|
10.1001/archneur.1977.00500190071011
|
89
|
1.85
|
LIPSON AH, 1989, TERATOLOGY
|
10.1002/tera.1420400406
|
73
|
2.03
|
9. Author Keywords
Figures 12 and 13 offer an insight into the relationships among the author keywords in the field of study.