When the location and intensity of the source of the explosion is determined, the severity and impact of the explosion can be analyzed and predicted, such as the overpressure, temperature, and toxic gas propagation. In order to provide the theory of emergency rescue work, improve rescue efficiency, to protect the safety of rescue personnel. In addition, to determine the gas explosion source location and intensity of the accident investigation also has an important role, on the one hand,it helps to determine the accident-related responsible person, on the other hand,it also can more accurately judge the nature of the accident and the cause of the explosion, summarize the accident experience, for the future prevention of such accidents provide guidance experience. Therefore, the location and intensity of the source of the explosion through the field data inversion is of great significance. Based on Genetic Algorithm (GA, and similarly hereinafter) to improve the back propagation(BP) neural network theory, the use of the method through the gas explosion experiments and simulation of overpressure data inversion of roadway gas explosion source location and intensity, the establishment of roadway gas explosion disaster inversion model for emergency rescue and accident investigation to provide data support.