3.1 General information comparison: There were no significant differences in age, gender, smoking, BMI, TG, HDL-C, and other indicators among the groups (p>0.05); Compared with the control group, the STEMI and NSTE-ACS groups had significantly increased TG and LDL-c levels (P<0.05), as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 General datas among the groups (`x ± s)
|
STEMI
|
NSTE-ACS
|
Control
|
P-value
|
Age (years)
|
56±8.8
|
54±9.1
|
60±7.3
|
0.364
|
Sex (male)
|
78(71.6%)
|
85(68.0%)
|
53(67.9%)
|
0.583
|
Smoke (%)
|
71(65.1%)
|
78(62.4%)
|
48(61.5%)
|
0.641
|
BMI(kg/m2)
|
24.2±2.56
|
23.7±1.78
|
23.7±1.78
|
0.690
|
TG(mmol/L)
|
1.67±0.59
|
1.58±0.45
|
1.53±0.62
|
0.748
|
TC(mmol/L)
|
5.04±1.07*
|
4.98±0.78*
|
4.23±1.01
|
0.016
|
LDL-c(mmol/L)
|
3.21±0.82*
|
2.93±0.61*
|
2.43±0.56
|
0.031
|
HDL-c(mmol/L)
|
1.13±0.17
|
1.09±0.28
|
1.18±0.23
|
0.268
|
Normally distributed continuous data were presented as `x±s. pairwise comparisons were performed using t-tests:Compared with control group*P <0.05; compared with NSTE-ACS group#P<0.05.Count data were presented as percentages (%), pairwise comparisons performed using Pearson’s chi-square test:Compared with control group $P <0.05; compared with NSTE-ACS group&P<0.05
3.2 Comparison of lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory factors in different groups after COVID-19 infection.The results showed that compared with the control group, the STEMI and NSTE-ACS groups both had a significant decrease in CD4+ T lymphocytes, and an increase in IL-6 and TNF-α only in the STEMI group (P<0.05); There were no significant differences in CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, and IL-8 among the groups (P>0.05), as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory factors among the groups (`x ± s / P25 P75)`
|
STEMI
|
NSTE-ACS
|
Control
|
P-value
|
CD4+
|
556(438,769)*
|
597(475,823)*
|
715(576,903)
|
0.003
|
CD8+
|
389(237,523)
|
456(372,579)
|
486(395,601)
|
0.375
|
CD4+/CD+8
|
1.6±0.23
|
1.4±0.18
|
1.5±0.19
|
0.896
|
TNF-α
|
13.4±2.02*
|
10.7±2.90
|
9.8±1.87
|
0.010
|
IL-6
|
10.1±2.80*
|
9.32±2.57
|
7.01±2.37
|
0.007
|
IL-8
|
70.3±10.54
|
69.4±9.47
|
67.6±8.79
|
0.782
|
Normally distributed continuous data were presented as `x±s. pairwise comparisons were performed using t-tests:Compared with control group*P <0.05; compared with NSTE-ACS group#P<0.05.Non-normally distributed continuous data were presented as median (interquartile range) [M(P25, P75)], pairwise comparisons performed using the Mann-Whitney U test:Compared with control group aP <0.05; compared with NSTE-ACS groupbP<0.05
3.3 Comparison of lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory factors in different periods of COVID-19 infection.it showed that compared with the control group,the STEMI group within 3 months of COVID-19 infection had a significant decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, and a significant increase in CD4+/CD8+, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<0.05),The NSTE-ACS group only had a significant decrease in CD4+ (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes and inflammatory factors; After 3 months of COVID-19 infection, compared with the control group, the STEMI group still had a significant increase in IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, and IL-8; In Addition, we also observed that compared with the NSTE-ACS group, the STEMI group within 3 months of COVID-19 infection had a significant decrease in CD8+ T lymphocytes and a significant increase in CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes (P<0.05), as shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Comparison of lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory factors in different periods of COVID-19 infection (x ± s / P25 P75)`
|
Within 3 months of infection
|
After 3 months of infection
|
|
STEMI
|
NSTE-ACS
|
control group
|
STEMI
|
NSTE-ACS
|
control group
|
CD4+
|
432(328,638)*
|
467(395,682)*
|
649(513,859)
|
589(497,803)
|
629(534,871)
|
703(625,959)
|
CD8+
|
237(195,349)*#
|
397(271,512)
|
465(321,534)
|
436(279,578)
|
483(396,615)
|
518(422,674)
|
CD4+/CD8+
|
2.0±0.18*
|
1.3±0.17
|
1.5±0.16
|
1.5±0.13
|
1.5±0.19
|
1.5±0.18
|
TNF-α
|
15.6±2.62*
|
11.1±2.90
|
10.3±2.37
|
11.7±2.02*
|
8.7±2.90
|
7.5±1.87
|
IL-6
|
11.1±2.80*
|
7.58±2.13
|
7.01±2.07
|
9.3±2.45*
|
5.32±2.03
|
5.41±2.17
|
IL-8
|
70.3±10.54
|
69.4±8.47
|
67.6±9.79
|
65.6±8.77
|
63.7±9.07
|
61.3±8.96
|
Normally distributed continuous data were presented as `x±s. pairwise comparisons were performed using t-tests:Compared with control group*P <0.05; compared with NSTE-ACS group#P<0.05.Non-normally distributed continuous data were presented as median (interquartile range) [M(P25, P75)], pairwise comparisons performed using the Mann-Whitney U test:Compared with control group aP <0.05; compared with NSTE-ACS groupbP<0.05