Resilience in entrepreneurship has emerged as a prominent area of inquiry within the fields of psychology, management, and entrepreneurship studies. Drawing on diverse theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence, researchers have sought to unpack the multifaceted nature of resilience, its antecedents, manifestations, and implications for entrepreneurial success. This literature review provides an overview of key concepts, theories, and findings related to resilience in entrepreneurship, highlighting recent developments and debates in the field. Resilience, rooted in developmental psychology and organizational behavior theories, has been defined in various ways across disciplines. In the context of entrepreneurship, resilience is often conceptualized as the capacity to bounce back from setbacks, failures, and adversities encountered in the pursuit of entrepreneurial goals (Coutu, 2002; Luthans et al., 2007). It encompasses cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions, reflecting an individual's ability to maintain composure, problem-solve effectively, and adapt to changing circumstances amidst uncertainty (Cardon et al., 2013). Theoretical frameworks such as the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll, 1989) and the Psychological Capital (PsyCap) framework (Luthans et al., 2007) provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying resilience in entrepreneurship. COR theory posits that individuals strive to acquire, retain, and protect valuable resources (e.g., time, energy, social support) and that the loss or threat of resource loss can trigger stress reactions (Hobfoll, 1989). In the context of entrepreneurship, resource availability and resourcefulness are critical determinants of resilience, as entrepreneurs must navigate resource constraints, market uncertainties, and competitive pressures (M. M. H. Emon & Khan, 2023). The PsyCap framework, on the other hand, emphasizes the role of positive psychological resources—namely, hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism—in fostering resilience and performance in organizational settings (Luthans et al., 2007). Resilience, as one component of PsyCap, is seen as a self-regulatory mechanism that enables individuals to bounce back from setbacks, maintain motivation, and pursue goals despite challenges (Luthans et al., 2015). Empirical research has highlighted the positive relationship between PsyCap, resilience, and entrepreneurial outcomes, suggesting that interventions aimed at enhancing these psychological resources can bolster entrepreneurial success (Luthans et al., 2018). Recent studies have explored the antecedents and outcomes of resilience in entrepreneurship, shedding light on the factors that contribute to resilience development and its implications for venture performance. One line of research has focused on the role of individual characteristics, such as personality traits, cognitive styles, and emotional intelligence, in shaping entrepreneurial resilience (Stephan & Roesler, 2010). For example, studies have found that traits such as openness to experience, conscientiousness, and emotional stability are positively associated with resilience and entrepreneurial success (Rauch & Frese, 2007; Uy et al., 2013). Similarly, research has highlighted the importance of emotional intelligence—the ability to perceive, understand, and regulate emotions—in fostering resilience and adaptive coping strategies among entrepreneurs (Baron et al., 2016). Moreover, studies have examined the influence of external factors, such as social support networks, organizational culture, and institutional environments, on entrepreneurial resilience (Hitt et al., 2011). Social support, in particular, has been identified as a critical resource that buffers the negative impact of stressors and enhances resilience among entrepreneurs (Wu et al., 2015). Research suggests that access to supportive networks—comprising mentors, peers, and advisors—can provide entrepreneurs with emotional validation, instrumental assistance, and valuable feedback, thereby bolstering their confidence, motivation, and resilience (Fisher et al., 2014). In addition to its antecedents, resilience has been linked to various outcomes at the individual, venture, and ecosystem levels. At the individual level, resilience is associated with enhanced psychological well-being, reduced burnout, and greater job satisfaction among entrepreneurs (Stephan & Roesler, 2010). Resilient entrepreneurs exhibit higher levels of persistence, adaptability, and creative problem-solving, enabling them to navigate challenges, capitalize on opportunities, and achieve sustainable growth in their ventures (Hmieleski & Baron, 2009). Moreover, resilience is seen as a key determinant of venture survival, growth, and innovation, as startups must weather numerous setbacks and failures before achieving success (Shepherd et al., 2015). Recent research has also explored the role of resilience in shaping entrepreneurial ecosystems and fostering economic development. Resilient entrepreneurs are seen as catalysts for change, driving innovation, job creation, and wealth generation within their communities (Ratten, 2020). In the context of crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, resilient entrepreneurs play a crucial role in adapting to new realities, pivoting business models, and leveraging emerging opportunities to revitalize local economies (Welter et al., 2021). Moreover, resilient ecosystems characterized by supportive infrastructure, collaborative networks, and conducive regulatory environments are more likely to nurture and sustain entrepreneurial ventures over the long term (Stam & Spigel, 2016). Despite the growing recognition of resilience as a critical determinant of entrepreneurial success, several gaps and challenges remain in the literature. First, there is a need for greater conceptual clarity and consistency in defining and operationalizing resilience in entrepreneurship. While researchers have adopted various definitions and measures of resilience, there is limited consensus on its underlying dimensions, boundary conditions, and manifestations in different contexts (Patel et al., 2015). Future research should strive to develop a unified framework of resilience that captures its dynamic nature and context-specific nuances in entrepreneurship. Second, there is a paucity of longitudinal studies examining the development and trajectory of resilience in entrepreneurship over time. Most existing research relies on cross-sectional data, limiting our understanding of how resilience evolves in response to changing circumstances, experiences, and interventions (Fisher et al., 2017). Longitudinal studies tracking entrepreneurs' resilience from startup formation to venture exit could provide valuable insights into the factors that shape resilience trajectories and their implications for venture outcomes. Third, there is a need for more culturally sensitive and contextually grounded research on resilience in entrepreneurship. While much of the literature has focused on Western contexts and high-tech industries, less attention has been paid to the experiences of entrepreneurs in non-Western settings, emerging economies, and traditional sectors (Amorós et al., 2016). Cultural values, societal norms, and institutional frameworks may shape the perception, expression, and enactment of resilience in diverse entrepreneurial contexts, warranting a more nuanced and inclusive approach to research.