1-Socio-demographic data
The sample included 70 patients, of which 6 were excluded, leaving us with 64 cases on which research and statistics were conducted. 57.8% were females and 42.2% were males. Participants are classified into three groups, with the age group (70–79) years representing the majority 71.8% (mean 76 years).
The sample was divided into four categories to study the economic status of the participants. The research showed that 48.4% had an average economic condition and only 3.1% of their economic status was excellent.
Regarding the distribution of the sample according to habits, 68.8% were smokers and 31.2% were non-smokers. We also studied the distribution of the sample according to the amount of cigarette smoking per year, We found that a majority of 47.7% smoked more than 20 packets per year.
While consuming alcohol, a majority of 98.4% were non-alcoholic and only 1.6% of the patients often consumed alcohol.
More detailed demographic data is shown in (Table-1)
Table-1: Socio-demographic data
|
n
|
%
|
SEX
|
|
|
Male
|
27
|
42.2%
|
Female
|
37
|
57.8%
|
AGE
|
|
|
60 – 69
|
14
|
21.9%
|
70 – 79
|
46
|
71.8%
|
More than 79 years
|
4
|
6.3%
|
Economic status
|
|
|
Bad
|
19
|
29.7%
|
Average
|
31
|
48.4%
|
Good
|
12
|
18.8%
|
Excellent
|
2
|
3.1%
|
Smoking
|
|
|
Non – smoker
|
20
|
31.2%
|
Smoker
|
44
|
68.8%
|
Packets smoked (per year)
|
|
|
Less than 10
|
4
|
9.1%
|
10 – 20
|
19
|
43.2%
|
More than 20
|
21
|
47.7%
|
Total
|
44
|
100%
|
Alcohol consumption
|
|
|
Non - alcoholic
|
63
|
98.4%
|
Alcoholic
|
1
|
1.6%
|
2- Medical, surgical, and medication history data
For the medical history among sample members, the largest percentage of patients suffered from hypertension with a percentage of 62.5%, and 23.4% of the total sample had no history of any disease.
As for the medication history, all patients had taken painkillers, and the percentages varied among the rest of the patients who were taking different types of medications.
Finally, research and statistics showed that 43.8% of patients had minor surgical procedures and 20.3% did not undergo any surgery.
More detailed information about Medical, surgical, and medication history data is shown in (Table-2)
Table-2: Medical, medication, and surgical history data
|
n
|
%
|
Medical history
|
|
|
None
|
15
|
23.4%
|
Hypertension
|
40
|
62.5%
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
28
|
43.8%
|
Encephalopathies
|
38
|
59.4%
|
Chronic pulmonary diseases
|
12
|
18.8%
|
Heart diseases
|
20
|
31.3%
|
Viral infections
|
4
|
6.3%
|
Medication history
|
|
|
Painkillers
|
64
|
100%
|
Antidepressant
|
8
|
12.5%
|
Anticholinergic medications
|
4
|
6.3%
|
Antihypertensives
|
40
|
62.5%
|
Steroids
|
23
|
35.9%
|
Digoxin
|
7
|
10.9%
|
Anti-inflammatory
|
50
|
78.1%
|
Insulin and blood sugar-regulating drugs
|
28
|
43.7%
|
Antispastics
|
30
|
46.9%
|
Surgical history
|
|
|
None
|
13
|
20.3%
|
Brain surgical operations
|
17
|
26.5%
|
Heart surgical operations
|
6
|
9.4%
|
minor surgical procedures
|
28
|
43.8%
|
3-Surgical procedures and post-operation data
Regarding the type of surgery performed and the duration of surgery, 46.9% of patients' surgical work was within the general surgery department of the hospital, and 43.7% of operations lasted between half an hour and a half.
As for the type of Anesthesia, 62.5% of the patients were generally anesthetized.
We also studied the distribution of the sample according to the severity of pain after surgery, and it was found that 43.7% of patients had mild pain, and 37.5% suffered from severe pain.
While, for the duration of stay in the hospital after the surgical procedure, 31.05% of patients stayed in the hospital for about a week, and the same percentage stayed more than a week.
More detailed information about the distribution of the sample according to the Surgical procedure and post-operation details is shown in (Table-3)
Table-3: Surgical procedure and post-operation data
|
n
|
%
|
Surgical procedures type
|
|
|
Neurosurgery
|
12
|
18.8%
|
Thoracic
|
8
|
12.5%
|
General
|
30
|
46.9%
|
Urology
|
14
|
21.9%
|
Duration of surgery
|
|
|
30 min – 1.5 hour
|
28
|
43.7%
|
1.5 – 3 hours
|
20
|
31.3%
|
More than 3 hours
|
16
|
25%
|
Type of Anesthesia
|
|
|
General
|
40
|
62.5%
|
Local
|
24
|
37.5%
|
Severity of pain
|
|
|
None
|
12
|
18.8%
|
Mild
|
28
|
43.7%
|
Severe
|
24
|
37.5%
|
Duration of stay in the hospital
|
|
|
Less than 3 days
|
14
|
21.9%
|
3 – 7 days
|
20
|
31.05%
|
More than 7 days
|
20
|
31.05%
|
4-Sample distribution according to the incidence of delirium after surgery
65.6% of patients did not suffer from delirium after surgery and Inability to pay attention was the most common Symptoms, these symptoms appeared during the first week at 54.5%.
Finally, regarding the treatment of delirium, 90.9% of patients were treated by treating the cause, and according to the outcome of the delirium, 36.4% have completely recovered.
More detailed information about the incidence of delirium after surgery is shown in (Table-4)
Table-4: information about delirium after surgery
|
n
|
%
|
Delirium incidence
|
|
|
Yes
|
22
|
34.4%
|
No
|
42
|
65.6%
|
Symptoms
|
|
|
Inability to pay attention
|
25
|
39.1%
|
Mood change
|
23
|
35.9%
|
Anxiety and sleep disturbance
|
18
|
28.1%
|
Hallucinations
|
8
|
12.5%
|
The period of onset of delirium
|
|
|
Directly
|
8
|
36.4%
|
During the first week
|
12
|
54.5%
|
After one week
|
2
|
9.1%
|
Total
|
22
|
100%
|
Delirium treatment
|
|
|
Treating the cause
|
20
|
90.9%
|
Intensive care
|
18
|
81.8%
|
Medications
|
19
|
86.4%
|
Spontaneous remission
|
2
|
9.1%
|
The outcome of the delirium
|
|
|
Healing without sequelae
|
8
|
36.4%
|
Healing with sequelae
|
7
|
31.8%
|
Death
|
7
|
31.8%
|
Total
|
22
|
100%
|