Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population
Variables
|
Total (n = 1,344)
|
Baseline HBsAb
|
Baseline HBcAb
|
Negative
(n = 225)
|
Positive
(n = 1,119)
|
p-value
|
Negative
(n = 711)
|
Positive
(n = 376)
|
NA
(n = 257)
|
p-value
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
0.015
|
|
|
|
0.482
|
Male, n (%)
|
741 (55.1)
|
141 (62.7)
|
600 (53.6)
|
|
381 (53.6)
|
210 (55.9)
|
150 (58.4)
|
|
Female, n (%)
|
603 (44.9)
|
84 (37.3)
|
519 (46.4)
|
|
330 (46.4)
|
166 (44.1)
|
107 (41.6)
|
|
Age, median (Q1–Q3)
|
45
(33–54.3)
|
43
(30–53)
|
46
(33–55)
|
0.014
|
40
(29–51)
|
53
(46–58)
|
41
(32–52)
|
< 0.001
|
hepatitis B vaccination
|
|
|
< 0.001
|
|
|
|
< 0.001
|
NOT vaccinated, n (%)
|
821 (61.1)
|
105 (46.7)
|
716 (64.0)
|
|
369 (51.9)
|
300 (79.8)
|
152 (59.1)
|
|
Vaccinated, n (%)
|
523 (38.9)
|
120 (53.3)
|
403 (36.0)
|
|
342 (48.1)
|
76 (20.2)
|
105 (40.9)
|
|
Index year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013, n (%)
|
214 (15.9)
|
25 (11.1)
|
189 (16.9)
|
|
61 (8.6)
|
42 (11.2)
|
111 (43.2)
|
|
2014, n (%)
|
217 (16.1)
|
31 (13.8)
|
186 (16.6)
|
|
86 (12.1)
|
51 (13.6)
|
80 (31.1)
|
|
2015, n (%)
|
212 (15.8)
|
34 (15.1)
|
178 (15.9)
|
|
95 (13.4)
|
61 (16.2)
|
56 (21.8)
|
|
2016, n (%)
|
231 (17.2)
|
55 (24.4)
|
176 (15.7)
|
|
146 (20.5)
|
75 (19.9)
|
10 (3.9)
|
|
2017, n (%)
|
224 (16.7)
|
42 (18.7)
|
182 (16.3)
|
|
157 (22.1)
|
67 (17.8)
|
0
|
|
2018, n (%)
|
246 (18.3)
|
38 (16.9)
|
208 (18.6)
|
|
166 (23.3)
|
80 (21.3)
|
0
|
|
Abbreviations: NA, Missing Results; n, Number; HBsAb, Hepatitis B Surface Antibody; HBcAb, Hepatitis B Core Antibody; Q1, First Quartile; Q3, Third Quartile.
Table 2. Disease characteristics of the study population
Disease
|
Total (n = 1,344)
|
HBsAb
|
HBcAb
|
Negative
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Positive
|
NA
|
ALL
|
304 (22.6%)
|
62 (20.4%)
|
242 (79.6%)
|
178 (58.6%)
|
69 (22.7%)
|
57 (18.8%)
|
AML
|
550 (40.9%)
|
62 (11.3%)
|
488 (88.7%)
|
331 (60.2%)
|
203 (36.9%)
|
16 (2.9%)
|
BPDCN
|
2 (0.1%)
|
1 (50.0%)
|
1 (50.0%)
|
2 (100.0%)
|
|
|
CLL
|
1 (0.1%)
|
|
1 (100.0%)
|
1 (100.0%)
|
|
|
CML
|
19 (1.4%)
|
4 (21.1%)
|
15 (78.9%)
|
8 (42.1%)
|
6 (31.6%)
|
5 (26.3%)
|
CMMoL
|
10 (0.7%)
|
3 (30.0%)
|
7 (70.0%)
|
4 (40.0%)
|
3 (30.0%)
|
3 (30.0%)
|
ESRD
|
3 (0.2%)
|
|
3 (100.0%)
|
|
|
3 (100.0%)
|
HLH
|
1 (0.1%)
|
|
1 (100.0%)
|
|
|
1 (100.0%)
|
HL
|
7 (0.5%)
|
3 (42.9%)
|
4 (57.1%)
|
4 (57.1%)
|
1 (14.3%)
|
2 (28.6%)
|
HGG
|
1 (0.1%)
|
|
1 (100.0%)
|
|
1 (100.0%)
|
|
MDS
|
193 (14.4%)
|
33 (17.1%)
|
160 (82.9%)
|
64 (33.2%)
|
41 (21.2%)
|
88 (45.6%)
|
MM
|
22 (1.6%)
|
11 (50.0%)
|
11 (50.0%)
|
15 (68.2%)
|
2 (9.1%)
|
5 (22.7%)
|
MPAL
|
3 (0.2%)
|
2 (66.7%)
|
1 (33.3%)
|
3 (100.0%)
|
|
|
MPN
|
28 (2.1%)
|
8 (28.6%)
|
20 (71.4%)
|
8 (28.6%)
|
14 (50.0%)
|
6 (21.4%)
|
NHL
|
68 (5.1%)
|
16 (23.5%)
|
52 (76.5%)
|
38 (55.9%)
|
17 (25.0%)
|
13 (19.1%)
|
PNH
|
3 (0.2%)
|
1 (33.3%)
|
2 (66.7%)
|
|
|
3 (100.0%)
|
SAA
|
118 (8.8%)
|
18 (15.3%)
|
100 (84.7%)
|
47 (39.8%)
|
17 (14.4%)
|
54 (45.8%)
|
SCA
|
5 (0.4%)
|
1 (20.0%)
|
4 (80.0%)
|
4 (80.0%)
|
|
1 (20.0%)
|
Thalassemia
|
5 (0.4%)
|
|
5 (100.0%)
|
4 (80/0%)
|
1 (20.0%)
|
|
Atypical CML
|
1 (0.1%)
|
|
1 (100.0%)
|
|
1 (100.0%)
|
|
Abbreviations: HBsAb, Hepatitis B Surface Antibody; HBcAb, Hepatitis B Core Antibody; NA, Missing Results; n, Number; ALL, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; AML, Acute Myeloid Leukemia; BPDCN, Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm; CLL, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; CML, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia; CMMoL, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia; ESRD, End-Stage Renal Disease; HLH, Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis; HL, Hodgkin Lymphoma; HGG, Hypogammaglobulinemia; MDS, Myelodysplastic Syndromes; MM, Multiple Myeloma; MPAL, Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia; MPN, Myeloproliferative Neoplasms; NHL, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; PNH, Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria; SAA, Severe Aplastic Anemia; SCA, Sickle Cell Anemia; Atypical CML, Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Table 3. Hepatitis B vaccination status according to baseline HBsAb and HBcAb status
|
Baseline HBsAb
|
p-value
|
positive
|
negative
|
Baseline HBcAb
|
positive
|
68/354 (19.2%)
|
8/22 (36.4%)
|
0.095
|
negative
|
251/546 (50.0%)
|
91/165 (55.2%)
|
0.041
|
p-value
|
< 0.001
|
0.114
|
|
Abbreviations: HBsAb, Hepatitis B Surface Antibody; HBcAb, Hepatitis B Core Antibody.
Table 4. Occurrence of reverse seroconversion according to HBsAb, HBcAb, and vaccination status
|
Baseline HBsAb
|
Baseline HBcAb
|
Anti-hepatitis B vaccination
|
Negative (n = 225)
|
Positive (n = 1,119)
|
p-value
|
Negative
(n = 711)
|
Positive
(n = 376)
|
p-value
|
Not vaccinated
(n = 821)
|
Vaccinated
(n = 523)
|
p-value
|
Reverse seroconversion
|
NOT occurred
|
220 (97.8%)
|
1085 (97.0%)
|
0.664
|
708 (99.6%)
|
346 (92.0%)
|
< 0.001
|
795 (96.8%)
|
510 (97.5%)
|
0.509
|
Occurred
|
5 (2.2%)
|
34 (3.0%)
|
3 (0.4%)
|
30 (8.0%)
|
26 (3.2%)
|
13 (2.5%)
|
Abbreviations: HBV, Hepatitis B Virus; HBsAb, Hepatitis B Surface Antibody; HBcAb, Hepatitis B Core Antibody; n, Number.
Table 5. Reverse seroconversion rates according to HBsAb status at 0, 3, and 6 months after HSCT
|
Baseline HBsAb
|
3-month HBsAb
|
6-month HBsAb
|
|
Negative
|
Positive
|
p-value
|
Negative
|
Positive
|
p-value
|
Negative
|
Positive
|
p-value
|
All patients
|
5/225
(2.2%)
|
34/1,119
(3.0%)
|
0.664
|
1/8
(12.5%)
|
28/879
(3.2%)
|
0.234
|
0/6
(0.0%)
|
12/363
(3.3%)
|
1.000
|
HBcAb negative
|
0/165
(0.0%)
|
3/546
(0.5%)
|
1.000
|
0/7
(0.0%)
|
3/487
(0.6%)
|
1.000
|
0/4
(0.0%)
|
0/170
(0.0%)
|
1.000
|
HBcAb positive
|
4/22
(18.2%)
|
26/354
(7.3%)
|
0.087
|
1/1
(100.0%)
|
22/260
(8.5%)
|
0.088
|
0/2
(0.0%)
|
10/102
(9.8%)
|
1.000
|
Abbreviations: HBV, Hepatitis B Virus; HBsAb, Hepatitis B Surface Antibody; HBcAb, Hepatitis B Core Antibody; HSCT, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation