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Research Article
Mark J. Vanarelli
Colorado School of Mines
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-6791
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
The construction of underground excavations and tunnels can only be done safely and economically when the subsurface conditions are adequately understood. Excessive groundwater inflows into rock tunnels under construction can injury personnel and terminate the construction of the tunnel project. Therefore, it is important to accurately estimate groundwater inflows into rock tunnels. A semi-empirical procedure/method for estimating steady-state, groundwater inflows in shallow rock tunnels is presented and discussed in this paper. In addition, this paper presents two case study analyses which include the Elizabethtown tunnel in New Jersey and the Toledo tunnel in Ohio. Packer test (i.e., pressure test) data was analyzed for both case studies utilizing this semi-empirical procedure. This paper reviews the theory behind the procedure, summarizes validates the procedure through case study analyses. It also describes previous proposed modifications and clarifies the need for any such modifications. In general, good groundwater inflow estimates were derived for shallow rock tunnels utilizing this semi-empirical procedure/method.
Keywords
Groundwater Inflows, Shallow Rock Tunnels, Vertical Recharge Conditions, Tunnel Water.
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A new preprint design is coming!
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research Article
Mark J. Vanarelli
Colorado School of Mines
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-6791
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 01 Jun, 2021
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
The construction of underground excavations and tunnels can only be done safely and economically when the subsurface conditions are adequately understood. Excessive groundwater inflows into rock tunnels under construction can injury personnel and terminate the construction of the tunnel project. Therefore, it is important to accurately estimate groundwater inflows into rock tunnels. A semi-empirical procedure/method for estimating steady-state, groundwater inflows in shallow rock tunnels is presented and discussed in this paper. In addition, this paper presents two case study analyses which include the Elizabethtown tunnel in New Jersey and the Toledo tunnel in Ohio. Packer test (i.e., pressure test) data was analyzed for both case studies utilizing this semi-empirical procedure. This paper reviews the theory behind the procedure, summarizes validates the procedure through case study analyses. It also describes previous proposed modifications and clarifies the need for any such modifications. In general, good groundwater inflow estimates were derived for shallow rock tunnels utilizing this semi-empirical procedure/method.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
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