The research sample consisted of 118 male and female patients from the displaced sample, whose ages ranged from (4–60 years), and the average age was (22.7 years). The number of males in the sample was 54 (45.7%), and the number of females 64 (54.3%).
The control sample also consisted of 118 patients who were identical in terms of demographic variables but were not internally displaced.
The sample was divided into two groups according to ages, the group of children (less than 14 years old), and the group of adults (older than 14 years) according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the Directory of Medical Research in the field of dentistry, where the number of children reached 52 (44.1%), and the number Adults 66 (55.9%).
Oral health instructions were given to each patient (100%), they were instructed to the correct brushing method, the number of times and duration of brushing, in addition to oral habits that harm the teeth and how to avoid them.
Oral health was assessed using the DMFT index in the children and adults. The number of broken, repaired, and missing teeth was calculated, and the total value of the DMFT index was calculated. Where the value of the decayed teeth ranged between (0–5) teeth and the mean value were (0.9), the number of missing teeth ranged between (0–6) and the mean value was (0.8), while the number of restored teeth was between (0–5) with mean value. (0.7). The DMFT index value was between (0–11) with a mean value of (2.4). Table 1
Table 1
oral health assessment using DMFT index.
|
N
|
Minimum
|
Maximum
|
Mean
|
Std.Deviation
|
Number of extracted teeth
|
118
|
.00
|
5.00
|
.9407
|
1.34795
|
Number of missing teeth
|
118
|
.00
|
6.00
|
.8390
|
1.33954
|
Number of filled teeth
|
118
|
.00
|
5.00
|
.7034
|
1.09630
|
DMFT index value
|
118
|
.00
|
11.00
|
2.4831
|
2.37772
|
The relationship between age and the value of DMFT was studied using Pearson's correlation test, and the test result indicated that there was no relationship between age and the value of the DMFT, as the value of the significance level was (P = 0.067). Table 2
Table 2
Correlations between Patient’s age and DMFT value:
Variables
|
Correlation
|
Patient’s age
|
Pearson Correlation
|
.169
|
Sig. (2-tailed)
|
.067
|
N
|
118
|
The level of oral health was studied according to age groups (children, adults). The value of carious teeth D was greater in the children's group (1.08), while it was in the adult group (0.83).
As for the missing teeth M, restored teeth F, and the total value of DMFT between the two age groups in the adult group, the total value of DMFT was greater in adults (2.77), while in children (2.12).
Only a significant difference was observed between the number of missing teeth between the two age groups (P = 0.000), while no significant difference was observed between the rest of the variables. Table 3
Table 3
DMFT value for each age group:
|
Number of carious teeth
|
Number of missing teeth
|
Number of filled teeth
|
DMFT value
|
Age group
|
Children
|
1.08
|
.42
|
.62
|
2.12
|
Adults
|
.83
|
1.17
|
.77
|
2.77
|
Statistical test
|
P value
|
0.225
|
0.000
|
0.657
|
0.750
|
Independent samples T-test was used to study the relationship between the value of the DMFT and the sex variable, and the test result showed that there is no significant difference between males and females in terms of the value of DMFT, as (P = 0.688). However, DMFT was higher for females than for males. Table 4
Table 4
Correlation between gender and DMFT
|
Sex
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
p-value
|
significance
|
DMFT value
|
Male
|
53
|
2.2830
|
2.44460
|
.33579
|
0.688
|
Not significant
|
Female
|
63
|
2.6508
|
2.36342
|
.29776
|
Numerous treatments were provided through the initiative, and the number of free treatments provided during the life of the initiative reached (203) treatments, as patients in total received a number of treatments ranging between (0–6), and the mean value was (1.7), as each patient received At least two treatments, in addition to awareness and topical application of fluoride, if necessary.
The largest number of treatments provided was restorative treatments (59) treatments, followed by treatments with tooth extraction (54), where the team tried to preserve the teeth by restoring them, but as noted from the table, a large number of treatments were extractions, because the teeth were not restorable due to bad Oral hygiene. Table 5
Table 5
Mean and Std. Deviation of treatments:
|
N
|
Minimum
|
Maximum
|
Sum
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Total numbers of treatments
|
118
|
.00
|
6.00
|
203.00
|
1.7203
|
1.55737
|
Extraction
|
118
|
.00
|
4.00
|
54.00
|
.4576
|
.91188
|
Restorative treatments
|
118
|
.00
|
3.00
|
59.00
|
.5000
|
.84479
|
Endodontics and restorative treatments
|
118
|
.00
|
3.00
|
32.00
|
.2712
|
.60850
|
Pulpotomy
|
118
|
.00
|
5.00
|
14.00
|
.1186
|
.57244
|
Scaling and root planning
|
118
|
.00
|
1.00
|
44.00
|
.3729
|
.48563
|
Awareness
|
118
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
118.00
|
1.0000
|
.00000
|
Fluoride application
|
118
|
.00
|
1.00
|
41.00
|
.3475
|
.47819
|
The total number of Scaling and root planning procedures, endodontic treatments, and pulpotomy was (44, 32 and 14), respectively.
118 people were studied to compare the DMFT with a sample of displaced families, the data for comparing sample were collected from external clinics of the faculty of dentistry, where large number of patients come from different areas of Damascus the capitol, thus the randomization and non-focal is granted during data collection. Table 6
Table 6
Correlation between age and gender with treatments
|
Total numbers of treatment
|
Extraction
|
Restorative treatments
|
Endodontic and restorative treatments
|
Pulpotomy
|
Scaling and root planning
|
Awareness
|
Fluoride
|
no
|
yes
|
no
|
yes
|
Age group
|
children
|
Male
|
1.29
|
.29
|
.46
|
.11
|
.36
|
.07
|
0
|
28
|
12
|
16
|
Female
|
1.25
|
.42
|
.58
|
.04
|
.17
|
.04
|
0
|
24
|
4
|
20
|
adults
|
Male
|
2.00
|
.84
|
.28
|
.20
|
.00
|
.68
|
0
|
25
|
25
|
0
|
female
|
2.23
|
.38
|
.64
|
.59
|
.00
|
.62
|
0
|
39
|
34
|
5
|
Table 7 shows the number of each value of DMFT index in the control sample, as the mean value was (2.37), and ranged between (0–10). Mean value of extracted teeth was (1.8), filled teeth (3.43), missing teeth (1.75).
Table 7
oral health assessment using DMFT index for control sample
|
N
|
Minimum
|
Maximum
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Number of extracted teeth
|
118
|
0
|
4
|
1.8
|
1.23
|
Number of missing teeth
|
118
|
0
|
3
|
1.75
|
1.43
|
Number of filled teeth
|
118
|
0
|
19
|
3.43
|
0.98
|
DMFT value
|
118
|
0
|
22
|
2.37
|
1.4
|
Table 8 shows the result of independent samples T-test to study the existence of a statistical difference between each of the displaced sample and the control sample in terms of DMFT index, the test showed there was no statistical difference between each of the displaced sample and the non-displaced sample as (p = 0.087), but the displaced sample showed a higher DMFT index value leading to a lower level of general oral health comparing to non-displaced sample.
Table 8
significant difference between displaced sample and control sample?
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
p-value
|
significance
|
Displaced sample
|
2.37
|
2.48
|
0.087
|
Not significant
|
Control sample
|
1.4
|
2.37
|