Among all 673 participants, 90.8% were male smokers. Among them, the proportion of males aged 60-69 was 32.4%. 584 (86.8%) were married; 358 (53.2%) had a high school diploma; In terms of working status, 288 people have been retired (42.8%), and 271 people (40.3%) have a monthly income between 2,001 and 4,000 yuan. The self-rated health status was moderate or good at most (297 (44.1%) and 268 (39.8%), respectively). In addition to the monthly income levels, there was no statistical difference in the distribution of other demographic variables (p>0.05) between the subjects who had tried to give up smoking and those who had not (p>0.05). With the increase of the monthly income level, the rate of trying to give up smoking increased.
Since all the smokers included in this survey have some intention to quit at this stage, most of the respondents have tried to quit smoking, and 428 (63.6%) have tried to quit in the past. 334 people said they had started smoking before the age of 20 (49.6%), and a total of 290 had smoked for more than 40 years (43.1%). In terms of nicotine dependence, 188 people were "very low" (27.9%) and 159 people were "high" (23.6%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of tobacco use among those who had tried to give up smoking (P>, 0.05) in the test of chi-square, as shown in Table 1.
Of the 428 respondents who had tried to quit smoking, 146 had tried to quit smoking only once (34.1%) and 133 had tried to quit smoking twice (31.3%). The smoking cessation duration ranged from 1 to 7 days (27.1%), and 113 lasted for more than 1 month, but less than 6 months (26.4%), as shown in Table 4. Further investigate the process of their attempt to quit smoking, look from the way, the vast majority of respondents have not accepted the professional quit smoking help before, nearly eighty percent of the respondents only past smoking behavior is relying on personal perseverance to dry (78.7%), often with the help of any drug and psychological intervention, and only 30 people answer related consultation (7.0%) was conducted. They also attributed their failure to quit to uncontrollable cravings and lack of willpower (56.3%). Another 35.7% cited the influence of other smokers as a major factor in their failure to quit.
The relationship between smoking causes and attempted smoking cessation behaviors and their duration as follows:
(1) Try to quit smoking: The results of variance analysis showed that the scores of the four factors including sedation, stimulation, smoking addiction, and automaticity of the subjects who had tried to quit smoking were significantly different from those of the residents who had not tried to quit smoking, and the average scores were slightly higher than those of the residents who had not tried to quit smoking (F=14.509, 7.945, 11.636,8.217, respectively, p<0.05). Meanwhile, the overall mean score of addiction dependence dimension was also higher than that of the residents who had not tried to quit smoking, with statistically significant difference (F=14.694,p<0.05), suggesting that the patients who had tried to quit smoking might have a higher degree of tobacco dependence addiction, which reflected their difficulties in quitting smoking in the past. There was no statistically significant difference in the average score between the two groups in the social-psychological dimension (p>0.05).
Logistic regression further suggested the regression relationship between various smoking causes of RRSQ and smoking cessation behaviors except for the influence of confounding factors such as age and monthly income. The results showed that the regression coefficients of sedation, smoking addiction, and automatism were statistically significant (all p<0.05). All the three factors were risk factors for smoking cessation, among which the probability of trying to quit increased by 1.111 times for every 1 point increase in sedative factor score, the probability of trying to quit increased by 1.152 times for every 1 point increase in smoking addiction factor score, and the probability of trying to quit increased by 1.119 times for every 1 point increase in automatic factor score. The regression coefficients of age, monthly income, and other confounding factors were not statistically significant (all p>0.05), as shown in Table 3 and Table 4.
(2) Duration of smoking cessation attempts:
Further discussed in the process of trying to quit smoking behavior quit smoking duration and smoking cause relations, in 428 there was trying to quit smoking behavior of the respondents, addiction in dimensions, hand mouth activity, hedonic scores of two factors in different duration of smoking cessation differences statistically significant (F=3.215, 4.424, p<0.05), with the extension of duration, the score gradually reduce; In the social-psychological dimension, the scores of sedation, stimulation, smoking addiction and assistance were statistically different (F= 6.642, 4.376, 5.844,6.852 respectively, p<0.05), and the changing trend of scores was similar to that of the social-psychological dimension. The results suggest that both psychosocial and tobacco dependence are important factors affecting smoking cessation behavior and its duration, and psychological, mental, and physiological dependence may hinder smoking cessation success.
Under the Logistic regression model, the regression coefficient of the sedative factor in the addiction dimension was statistically significant (p<0.05), which was a negatively related factor for the time of trying to quit smoking. For every 1-point increase in sedative factor, the probability of the duration of quitting smoking is increased by one level was 0.911 times as high as before. Although the other factor coefficients were not statistically significant, they were generally negative, suggesting that hand and mouth activity, enjoyment, stimulation, smoking addiction, and automaticity were all protective factors for the maintenance time of smoking cessation, as shown in Table 4. The results of smoking cessation behavior and its duration suggest that in fact, people often wait for a high degree of tobacco dependence before trying to quit, but during the process of quitting smoking, they cannot keep abstinence for a long time due to the social-psychological factors and high dependence addiction, and finally end up with failure to relapse. As shown in Table 3 and Table 4.