This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research Article
Jim-Min Fang
The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica
Corresponding Author
Pan-Chyr Yang
National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine
Corresponding Author
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Declarations:
Declarations
- This study involved human subjects.
- The author confirmed that all appropriate ethical guidelines for the use of human subjects have been followed, any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee review has been obtained, and information about the IRB/ethics committee is included in the manuscript.
- The author has confirmed that all necessary patient/participant consent or assent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. If the IRB/ethics committee waived the requirement for patient/participant consent or assent, an explanation for the waiver is included in the text.
- The author has confirmed that a statement listing potential conflicts of interest or lack thereof is included in the text.
A metal nanoparticle composite TPNT1, which contains Au-NP (1 ppm), Ag-NP (5 ppm), ZnO-NP (60 ppm) and ClO2 (42.5 ppm) in aqueous solution was prepared and characterized by spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering analysis and potentiometric titration. Based on the in vitro cell-based assay, TPNT1 can inhibit six major clades of SARS-CoV-2 with effective concentration within the range to be used as food additives. TPNT1 was shown to block viral entry by inhibiting the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins to ACE2 receptor and to interfere with the syncytium formation. In addition, TPNT1 also effectively reduced the cytopathic effects induced by human (H1N1) and avian (H5N1) influenza viruses, including the wild-type and Tamiflu-resistant virus isolates. Together with previously demonstrated efficacy as antimicrobials, TPNT1 can block viral entry and inhibit or prevent viral infection to provide prophylactic effects against both SARS-CoV-2 and opportunistic infections.
Keywords
Nanoparticles, Composite, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Influenza, Virus
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- SFig1.tif
Figure S1. TEM images, UV-vis spectra and DLS analyses of Au-NP (A), Ag-NP (B) and ZnO-NP (C). Infrared (IR) spectra were recorded on Agilent Technologies Cary630 Fourier transform FT-IR spectrometer. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra were measured on Agilent Technologies Cary60 UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were recorded on Hitachi H-7100 microscope. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was performed on Perkin Elmer Optima 8X00 spectrometer. Particle size distribution and zeta potential were measured on Otsuka ELSZ-2000ZS dynamic light scattering detector.
- SFig2.tif
Figure S2. Schematic illustration of SARS-CoV-2 inhibition experiments with TPNT1 and the cytopathic effects (CPE). A. Schematic illustration of the pretreat + infection, infection-only, and post-infection experiments delineates the stage where TPNT1 was added to the viruses or the cells. B. The CPE induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection of Vero E6 cells in the pretreat + infection, infection-only, and post-infection experiments. Scale bars: 100 µm. C. Viability of Vero-E6 cells on treatment with TPNT1. The clinical isolate used in these experiments was SARS-CoV-2/NTU01/TWN/human/2020 (Accession ID EPI_ISL_408489).
- SFig3.tif
Figure S3. Inhibition of various SARS-CoV-2 variants with TPNT1. Yield reduction assay was conducted to determine the antiviral activities of TPNT1 against various SARS-CoV-2 viruses from 6 major clades. Briefly, the virus (multiplicity of infection, M.O.I. = 0.01) was pretreated with TPNT1 or ddH2O (solvent control), and was added to the Vero E6 cells for another one hour. After virus infection, the cells were washed once with PBS, and the cells were maintained in medium without TPNT1 for 24 h. The infected cells were harvested and the amount of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA in the (A) supernatants and (B) cell extracts was determined by qRT-PCR of E gene using the iTaq™ Univeral Probes One-Step RT-PCR Kit (172-5140, Bio-Rad, USA) and the Applied Biosystems 7500 Real-Time PCR software (version 7500SDS v1.5.1). Plasmid containing partial E fragment was used as the standards to calculate the amount of viral load (copies/uL). NTU03, NTU06, NTU14, NTU16, NTU18, and NTU27 represent B.1, B.2.2, B.1.1, B.1.5, A.1, and B clades of SARS-CoV-2, respectively.
Loading...
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 04 Aug, 2020
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Learn more about our company.
This is a preprint. It has not completed peer review.
Research Article
Jim-Min Fang
The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica
Corresponding Author
Pan-Chyr Yang
National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 04 Aug, 2020
No community comments so far
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Declarations:
Declarations
- This study involved human subjects.
- The author confirmed that all appropriate ethical guidelines for the use of human subjects have been followed, any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee review has been obtained, and information about the IRB/ethics committee is included in the manuscript.
- The author has confirmed that all necessary patient/participant consent or assent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. If the IRB/ethics committee waived the requirement for patient/participant consent or assent, an explanation for the waiver is included in the text.
- The author has confirmed that a statement listing potential conflicts of interest or lack thereof is included in the text.
A metal nanoparticle composite TPNT1, which contains Au-NP (1 ppm), Ag-NP (5 ppm), ZnO-NP (60 ppm) and ClO2 (42.5 ppm) in aqueous solution was prepared and characterized by spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering analysis and potentiometric titration. Based on the in vitro cell-based assay, TPNT1 can inhibit six major clades of SARS-CoV-2 with effective concentration within the range to be used as food additives. TPNT1 was shown to block viral entry by inhibiting the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins to ACE2 receptor and to interfere with the syncytium formation. In addition, TPNT1 also effectively reduced the cytopathic effects induced by human (H1N1) and avian (H5N1) influenza viruses, including the wild-type and Tamiflu-resistant virus isolates. Together with previously demonstrated efficacy as antimicrobials, TPNT1 can block viral entry and inhibit or prevent viral infection to provide prophylactic effects against both SARS-CoV-2 and opportunistic infections.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Loading...