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Research article
Socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in rural Ethiopia: further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey
Melkamu Molla Ferede
Corresponding Author
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Background: Diarrhoea is one of the major contributors to death among under-five children in Ethiopia. Studies conducted in different countries showed that rural children are more severely affected by diarrhoea than urban children. Thus, this study was aimed to identify the socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural associated risk factors of the occurrence of diarrhoea among under-five children in rural Ethiopia.
Methods: Data for the study was drawn from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 8,041 under-five children were included in the study. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association of occurrence of diarrhoea with socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural factors among under-five children.
Results: Children aged 6-11 months (AOR: 3.5; 95% CI: 2.58-4.87), 12-23 months (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 2.33-4.04) and 24-35 months (AOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.26-2.34) as compared to >35 months were significantly associated with an increasing prevalence of diarrhoea. Children in Afar region (AOR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.01-3.64) and Gambela region (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.18, 3.81) were significantly associated with an increasing prevalence of diarrhoea, but a decreasing prevalence in Somali region (AOR: .42; 95% CI: (.217-.80) as compared to Tigray region. Increasing prevalence of diarrhoea was also significantly associated with male children (AOR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.05-1.58); households who shared toilet facilities with other households (AOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.09-1.77); fourth birth order (AOR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.17-2.79), and fifth and above birth order (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.81) as compared to first order; and mother’s current age 35-49 years in a household with ≥3 under-five children (AOR: 4.7; 95% CI: 1.64-13.45) as compared to those maternal ages of 15-24 years in a household with ≤2 under-five children.
Conclusion: The age of a child, sex of a child, region, birth order, toilet facilities shared with other households and the interaction effect of the number of under-five children with mother’s current age are identified as associated risk factors for diarrhoea occurrence among under-five children in rural Ethiopia. The findings show the need for planning and implementing appropriate prevention strategies considering these risk factors for rural under-five children.
Keywords
Diarrhea; Rural Ethiopia, Under-five Children; Risk factors; Logistic regression; Odds ratio
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On 29 Apr, 2020
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Review #1 received
Received 14 Apr, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 10 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 09 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 09 Mar, 2020
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Editorial decision: Major revision
On 11 Feb, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 04 Feb, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 04 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 14 Oct, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2019
Editor assigned
On 06 Oct, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 05 Oct, 2019
Editor invited
On 05 Oct, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Revise before sending to peer reviewers
On 26 Sep, 2019
Editor assigned
On 23 Sep, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 20 Sep, 2019
Editor invited
On 20 Sep, 2019
First submitted
On 17 Sep, 2019
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Pediatrics
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Pediatrics. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in rural Ethiopia: further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey
Melkamu Molla Ferede
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 4
Posted 15 May, 2020
No community comments so far
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 30 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 20 Sep, 2019
No comments provided
Review #1 received
Received 14 Apr, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 10 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 09 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 09 Mar, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 11 Feb, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 04 Feb, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 04 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 14 Oct, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2019
Editor assigned
On 06 Oct, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 05 Oct, 2019
Editor invited
On 05 Oct, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Revise before sending to peer reviewers
On 26 Sep, 2019
Editor assigned
On 23 Sep, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 20 Sep, 2019
Editor invited
On 20 Sep, 2019
First submitted
On 17 Sep, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Pediatrics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Diarrhoea is one of the major contributors to death among under-five children in Ethiopia. Studies conducted in different countries showed that rural children are more severely affected by diarrhoea than urban children. Thus, this study was aimed to identify the socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural associated risk factors of the occurrence of diarrhoea among under-five children in rural Ethiopia.
Methods: Data for the study was drawn from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 8,041 under-five children were included in the study. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association of occurrence of diarrhoea with socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural factors among under-five children.
Results: Children aged 6-11 months (AOR: 3.5; 95% CI: 2.58-4.87), 12-23 months (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 2.33-4.04) and 24-35 months (AOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.26-2.34) as compared to >35 months were significantly associated with an increasing prevalence of diarrhoea. Children in Afar region (AOR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.01-3.64) and Gambela region (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.18, 3.81) were significantly associated with an increasing prevalence of diarrhoea, but a decreasing prevalence in Somali region (AOR: .42; 95% CI: (.217-.80) as compared to Tigray region. Increasing prevalence of diarrhoea was also significantly associated with male children (AOR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.05-1.58); households who shared toilet facilities with other households (AOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.09-1.77); fourth birth order (AOR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.17-2.79), and fifth and above birth order (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.81) as compared to first order; and mother’s current age 35-49 years in a household with ≥3 under-five children (AOR: 4.7; 95% CI: 1.64-13.45) as compared to those maternal ages of 15-24 years in a household with ≤2 under-five children.
Conclusion: The age of a child, sex of a child, region, birth order, toilet facilities shared with other households and the interaction effect of the number of under-five children with mother’s current age are identified as associated risk factors for diarrhoea occurrence among under-five children in rural Ethiopia. The findings show the need for planning and implementing appropriate prevention strategies considering these risk factors for rural under-five children.
Figure 1