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Methodology
Judith Zavala
Tecnologico de Monterrey: Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey
Corresponding Author
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Purpose
Collagen scaffolds are used as tissue engineering tool. The manufacturing methods often lack of reproducibility which limits their application to regenerative medicine. We aimed to set a simple and reproducible method for the production of collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Methods
A matryoshka system was built comprising a sealed desiccator containing a saturated K2CO3 solution for a 40% relative humidity (RH) regulation, this was placed inside a 40° C shaking incubator. Collagen gels were cast with a 1:1 ratio of Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium and 0.5 mg/mL acid collagen solution. Three gel volumes were selected: 2.2 mL (1x), 4.4 mL (2x), and 6.6 mL (3x). Collagen gels were inserted into the system and desiccation was performed over 37 days (6–12 mL was desiccated per cycle). Characterization of the surface, ultrastructure, transparency, composition, and biocompatibility of the gels was performed using optical, 3D confocal, and scanning electron microscopy; spectrophotometry; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy; and X-Ray diffraction.
Results
On day 7, collagen membranes exhibited superficial fibrils of 1.3 µm (SD, ± 0.23 µm), whereas on day 37, a highly organized laminar structure was observed within a smooth homogeneous surface. Lamina density and organization and membrane width (3.65 µm [1x], 4.8 µm [2x], and 7.2 µm [3x]) increased with gel volume. Transmittance ranged from 77% to 99% and increased with wavelength at UV–vi. Gels at 1x and 2x exhibited a 99% transmittance peak at the green wavelength. The population of cells cultured on membranes was increased by threefold within 48 h; moreover, the size of cell populations cultured on 1x membranes increased by 12% compared with the control.
Conclusions
The scaffolds produced by the matrioshka system were biocompatible, non-cytotoxic, and optically transparent. These membranes can be tailored for multiple uses by modifying their thickness with the volume of the gel and its desiccation time.
Keywords
scaffold, collagen membrane, tissue engineering, synthesis method
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A new preprint design is coming!
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Methodology
Judith Zavala
Tecnologico de Monterrey: Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 08 Jun, 2021
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Purpose
Collagen scaffolds are used as tissue engineering tool. The manufacturing methods often lack of reproducibility which limits their application to regenerative medicine. We aimed to set a simple and reproducible method for the production of collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Methods
A matryoshka system was built comprising a sealed desiccator containing a saturated K2CO3 solution for a 40% relative humidity (RH) regulation, this was placed inside a 40° C shaking incubator. Collagen gels were cast with a 1:1 ratio of Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium and 0.5 mg/mL acid collagen solution. Three gel volumes were selected: 2.2 mL (1x), 4.4 mL (2x), and 6.6 mL (3x). Collagen gels were inserted into the system and desiccation was performed over 37 days (6–12 mL was desiccated per cycle). Characterization of the surface, ultrastructure, transparency, composition, and biocompatibility of the gels was performed using optical, 3D confocal, and scanning electron microscopy; spectrophotometry; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy; and X-Ray diffraction.
Results
On day 7, collagen membranes exhibited superficial fibrils of 1.3 µm (SD, ± 0.23 µm), whereas on day 37, a highly organized laminar structure was observed within a smooth homogeneous surface. Lamina density and organization and membrane width (3.65 µm [1x], 4.8 µm [2x], and 7.2 µm [3x]) increased with gel volume. Transmittance ranged from 77% to 99% and increased with wavelength at UV–vi. Gels at 1x and 2x exhibited a 99% transmittance peak at the green wavelength. The population of cells cultured on membranes was increased by threefold within 48 h; moreover, the size of cell populations cultured on 1x membranes increased by 12% compared with the control.
Conclusions
The scaffolds produced by the matrioshka system were biocompatible, non-cytotoxic, and optically transparent. These membranes can be tailored for multiple uses by modifying their thickness with the volume of the gel and its desiccation time.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
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