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Research article
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and neonatal mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A population based matched case-control study
Wondimye Ashenafi
Haramaya University
Corresponding Author
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Intimate partner physical, sexual and psychological abuses and controlling behaviors against pregnant women are common in low-income settings. In Ethiopia, different forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is highly prevalent and neonatal mortality has been one of the health indicators that did not show significant improvement in the country despite a significant reduction in under-five mortality. We aimed to examine whether exposure to different forms of IPV during pregnancy is associated with neonatal mortality.
Methods: A population based matched case–control study was conducted from January to October 2018 in Eastern Ethiopia. A sample of 103 cases (biological mothers of deceased neonates) and 412 controls (biological mothers of survived neonates) were included in the study. The cases and controls were matched for date of birth, sex of the newborn and place of residences. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to assess association between IPV during pregnancy and neonatal mortality, controlling for selected potential confounders.
Results: After controlling for potential confounding factors (pregnancy and obstetric as well socio-demographic characteristics) sexual violence during pregnancy [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =3.20: 95% CI: 1.09-9.33] and husband/partner controlling behavior (AOR=2.42: 95% CI: 1.06-5.51) were found to be significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Psychological and physical violence during pregnancy did not show significant associations with the neonatal mortality.
Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is strongly associated with intimate partner sexual violence and controlling behaviors during pregnancy. Involving men in maternal health programs is imperative to address issues of violence in pregnancy and promote maternal well being and child health.
Keywords
intimate partner violence, partner controlling behavior, pregnancy, women, abuse, neonatal mortality, Ethiopia
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC International Health and Human Rights. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and neonatal mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A population based matched case-control study
Wondimye Ashenafi
Haramaya University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 2
Posted 21 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Jan, 2021
Editor assigned
On 08 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 08 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 08 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 08 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 28 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 02 Sep, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 15 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 15 Aug, 2020
First submitted
On 13 Aug, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Health Policy
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Intimate partner physical, sexual and psychological abuses and controlling behaviors against pregnant women are common in low-income settings. In Ethiopia, different forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is highly prevalent and neonatal mortality has been one of the health indicators that did not show significant improvement in the country despite a significant reduction in under-five mortality. We aimed to examine whether exposure to different forms of IPV during pregnancy is associated with neonatal mortality.
Methods: A population based matched case–control study was conducted from January to October 2018 in Eastern Ethiopia. A sample of 103 cases (biological mothers of deceased neonates) and 412 controls (biological mothers of survived neonates) were included in the study. The cases and controls were matched for date of birth, sex of the newborn and place of residences. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to assess association between IPV during pregnancy and neonatal mortality, controlling for selected potential confounders.
Results: After controlling for potential confounding factors (pregnancy and obstetric as well socio-demographic characteristics) sexual violence during pregnancy [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =3.20: 95% CI: 1.09-9.33] and husband/partner controlling behavior (AOR=2.42: 95% CI: 1.06-5.51) were found to be significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Psychological and physical violence during pregnancy did not show significant associations with the neonatal mortality.
Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is strongly associated with intimate partner sexual violence and controlling behaviors during pregnancy. Involving men in maternal health programs is imperative to address issues of violence in pregnancy and promote maternal well being and child health.
Figure 1