Background: The distribution of hospital beds can be used as an indicator for evaluating the distribution of health services. This study aimed to determine and prioritize indicators of bed allocation in Iran.
Methods: In the first phase of the study we determined factors affecting bed distribution using a scoping review. In the second and third phases we applied expert panel and Delphi method to localize indicators of bed allocation. Finally, we carried out Analytic Network Process (ANP) approach based on Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique (DANP) to determine the weight and importance of indicators and to evaluate the causal relationship between them.
Results: We identified 75 criteria affecting the distribution of beds through scoping review. In two rounds of Delphi, 28 criteria were agreed upon and entered into the DANP phase. Population, existence of a reference hospital in the area, the type of hospital (general/specialized), common diseases in the area, existence of home care services have had the most interaction with other variables. The variable of home care services was at the highest level of the causal chain.
Conclusions: Bed occupancy rate, the average length of stay, waiting list, as well as type and level of the hospital had the highest priority in the distribution of hospital beds. Moreover, considering the importance of home care, policies should be adopted to expand these services nationwide. The criteria identified in this study will be helpful in developing policies aimed at equitable allocation of hospital beds considering the efficiency criteria.