This study introduces scientific concepts such as gravitational cells and gravitational strings. This innovation made it possible to move from general ideas about gravitational interaction to a deeper and more detailed understanding of this physical process, as well as to obtain significant scientific results. These results include: obtaining the formula for the gravitational constant, determining the fixed graviton energy, obtaining the length and frequency of gravitational waves, obtaining the formula for the mass of an electron and the formula for the mass of a hydrogen atom through fundamental physical constants, obtaining formulas for the minimum and maximum distance of action of gravitational forces, obtaining a new relativistic formula the speed of a body in a gravitational field, etc. The calculations made according to the new formulas completely coincided with the known scientific and experimental data. In this work, Planck's constant was successfully applied to the gravitational field (with its help, the minimum distance of action of gravitational forces was determined, the mass of the hydrogen atom was calculated with an accuracy of 10−7, the frequency and length of gravitational waves were determined, etc.). Through the synthesis of the theory of gravitational cells and the relativistic formula of Einstein's total energy, a new formula for the velocity of a body in a gravitational field was obtained, which is conveniently used for calculations. A distinctive feature of this study is the fact that only fundamental physical constants are present in the new formulas.