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Research article
Karl Ulrich Petry
Klinikum Wolfsburg
Corresponding Author
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Background: The introduction of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination has resulted in a remarkable decline of genital warts in women and men, but in Germany historical rates of vaccination are relatively low. We report long-term surveillance data on changes in HPV 6 and 11 infection and the prevalence of genital warts in young women in the Wolfsburg HPV epidemiological study (WOLVES).
Methods: Women born in 1983/84, 1988/89, and 1993/94 participated in four cohorts between 2009/10 and 2014/15. Vaccination coverage and prevalence of HPV 6/11 and genital warts are reported for participants aged 19−22 years and 24−27 years at the time of analysis. Statistical analyses were done to compare similarly aged participants using 2 x 2 contingency tables (Röhmel-Mansmann unconditional exact test; two-side alpha of 0.05).
Results: A total of 2,456 women were recruited. In 2010, vaccination rates were 40/659 (6.1%) in women aged 24−27 years and 142/600 (23.7%) in those aged 19−22 years; 5 years later, vaccination rates had increased to 135/733 (18.4%) and 177/368 (48.1%), respectively. Between 2010 and 2015, there was a statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of HPV 6 among women aged 24−27 years (2.12% versus 0%; P<0.0001) and women aged 19−22 years (2.0% versus 0%; P=0.0056). In total, 52 of 2341 participants were diagnosed with genital warts. There was a statistically significant decrease in the life-time risk of developing genital warts in women aged 24−27 years between 2010 and 2015 (4.7% versus 1.68%, respectively; P=0.0018). The overall life-time risk of developing genital warts in women aged 19−27 years decreased from 3.1% in 2010 to 1.2% in 2015 (P=0.0022).
Conclusions: An increase in vaccination coverage was associated with a decreased prevalence of genital warts in young women. A protective effect greater than herd immunity alone was seen despite low vaccination rates. Quadrivalent vaccine had a protective effect on genital HPV 6 positivity and a fully protective effect on the development of genital warts in the youngest population.
Keywords
Human papilloma virus, genital warts, condylomata acuminata, HPV-vaccination
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
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Review #1 received
Received 08 Apr, 2021
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Invitations sent on 07 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 07 Apr, 2021
Editor assigned
On 01 Dec, 2020
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On 01 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 01 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 06 Aug, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 09 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 05 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 01 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 29 Feb, 2020
Editor invited
On 29 Feb, 2020
Version 1
Posted 09 Oct, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 10 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 04 Dec, 2019
Review #3 received
Received 04 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 28 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 18 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 07 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 05 Nov, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 Oct, 2019
Editor assigned
On 07 Oct, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 03 Oct, 2019
Editor invited
On 03 Oct, 2019
First submitted
On 01 Oct, 2019
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Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
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A new preprint design is coming!
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Infectious Diseases.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Karl Ulrich Petry
Klinikum Wolfsburg
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
No community comments so far
Review #1 received
Received 08 Apr, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 07 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 07 Apr, 2021
Editor assigned
On 01 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 01 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 01 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 06 Aug, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 19 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 09 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 05 Mar, 2020
Editor assigned
On 01 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 29 Feb, 2020
Editor invited
On 29 Feb, 2020
Version 1
Posted 09 Oct, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 10 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 04 Dec, 2019
Review #3 received
Received 04 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 28 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 18 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 07 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 05 Nov, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 Oct, 2019
Editor assigned
On 07 Oct, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 03 Oct, 2019
Editor invited
On 03 Oct, 2019
First submitted
On 01 Oct, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
Background: The introduction of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination has resulted in a remarkable decline of genital warts in women and men, but in Germany historical rates of vaccination are relatively low. We report long-term surveillance data on changes in HPV 6 and 11 infection and the prevalence of genital warts in young women in the Wolfsburg HPV epidemiological study (WOLVES).
Methods: Women born in 1983/84, 1988/89, and 1993/94 participated in four cohorts between 2009/10 and 2014/15. Vaccination coverage and prevalence of HPV 6/11 and genital warts are reported for participants aged 19−22 years and 24−27 years at the time of analysis. Statistical analyses were done to compare similarly aged participants using 2 x 2 contingency tables (Röhmel-Mansmann unconditional exact test; two-side alpha of 0.05).
Results: A total of 2,456 women were recruited. In 2010, vaccination rates were 40/659 (6.1%) in women aged 24−27 years and 142/600 (23.7%) in those aged 19−22 years; 5 years later, vaccination rates had increased to 135/733 (18.4%) and 177/368 (48.1%), respectively. Between 2010 and 2015, there was a statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of HPV 6 among women aged 24−27 years (2.12% versus 0%; P<0.0001) and women aged 19−22 years (2.0% versus 0%; P=0.0056). In total, 52 of 2341 participants were diagnosed with genital warts. There was a statistically significant decrease in the life-time risk of developing genital warts in women aged 24−27 years between 2010 and 2015 (4.7% versus 1.68%, respectively; P=0.0018). The overall life-time risk of developing genital warts in women aged 19−27 years decreased from 3.1% in 2010 to 1.2% in 2015 (P=0.0022).
Conclusions: An increase in vaccination coverage was associated with a decreased prevalence of genital warts in young women. A protective effect greater than herd immunity alone was seen despite low vaccination rates. Quadrivalent vaccine had a protective effect on genital HPV 6 positivity and a fully protective effect on the development of genital warts in the youngest population.
Figure 1
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